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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Autotrophic Process: Plants and plant-like organisms
make their energy (glucose) from sunlight.
• Stored as carbohydrate in their bodies.
• 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + 6O2
Why is Photosynthesis important?
sunlight
Carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
absorbed by chlorophyll
Mesophyll Chloroplast
Cell Stoma
Stomata (stoma)
• Pores in a plant’s cuticle through which water
and gases are exchanged between the plant and the
atmosphere.
Oxygen
(O2)
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2) Guard Cell Guard Cell
Mesophyll Cell
Nucleus
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Central Vacuole
Chloroplast
• Organelle where photosynthesis takes place.
Stroma
Outer Membrane Thylakoid Granum
Inner Membrane
Chloroplasts make the sugars!
Chloroplasts
make the
oxygen too!
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Absorbing light energy to make chemical
energy: glucose!
• Pigments: Absorb different colors of white light
(ROY G BIV)
• Main pigment: Chlorophyll a
• Accessory pigments: Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids
• These pigments absorb all wavelengths (light) BUT
green!
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Why do we see green?
• Green color from white light
reflected NOT absorbed
• Chloroplast: organelle
responsible for photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll: located within
Chloroplast
• Green pigment
Visible light is only
a small part of the
electromagnetic
spectrum (all forms
of light).
• LIGHT behaves as if it were composed of
"units" or "packets" of energy that travel in
waves. These packets are photons.
• The wavelength of light determines its color.
Photosynthesis
WATER OXYGEN
6CO2 + 6H2O +ENERGY C6H12O6 + 6O2
CARBON GLUCOSE
DIOXIDE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• 2 Phases
• Light-dependent reaction
• Light-independent reaction
• At each step
along the
transport chain, Chlorophyll passes energy down through the
electron transport chain.
the electrons
lose energy.
Energized electrons provide energy that
to ADP
splits bonds P
H2 O
forming
H+ ATP
NADP+ oxygen
released
NADPH