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General preparation
1. Purpose of speech
‡ Informative speech
‡ Persuasive speech
‡ Special occasion speech
2. Audience
3. Logistics

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IV

Aims to develop the student

public speaking skills in the medium of
nglish language.  the end, the
students will be able
± to identif and explain the basic steps in
public speaking
± demonstrate basic skills involved at each
stage of the process.
± to critique their own and others public
speaking performances

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 AGR÷G

‡ |%&'()*+ ,(-
is the process of

speaking to a group of people in a
structured, deliberate manner intended to
inform, influence, or entertain the listeners.
‡ In public speaking, as in an form of
communication, there are five basic
elements, often expressed as ":
is
saing :  to :
 using what 
with what  
?"

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 PRP÷S

‡ he purpose of public speaking can range

from simpl transmitting information, to
motivating people to act, to simpl telling a
stor. Good orators should be able to
change the emotions of their listeners, not
just inform them.
‡ Public speaking can be a powerful tool to
use for purposes such as motivation,
influence, persuasion, informing,
translation, or simpl entertaining. |
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‡ Main idea to be use in the speech
‡ Stle and language used b the
speaker
‡ Arrangement & the deliver of idea b
the speaker
‡ Manner of speech being delivered
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‡ he abilit of the speaker to memorized
the speech
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he 5 s of Public Speaking
â ' 1(23 ± what ou sa should be clearl
communicated to an audience
â 4-)(*(4- ± what ou sa should be concise
and relevant to the topic
â 4%12*3 ± what ou sa and the wa ou
sa it should conve respect for our
audience
â 45+16-*(4- ± what ou sa should be
comprehensible to our target audience
â 45+'2-** ± what ou sa should not
omit necessar information or content
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  ARARISIS

‡ LARI

‡ LG
‡ I÷RMAIV
‡ APPAL
‡ WAVLG
‡ I÷RMAL
‡ ÷R AS

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 ÷W ÷ MA A IV
SP ?



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 I   SAR ÷  
SP
‡ Raising a Question
‡ arrating a related interesting stor
‡ ÷pening with a striking quotation
‡ elling how the topic affects the vital
interests of the audience
‡ ighlighting the shocking facts

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 áRIG SP

‡ Put one¶s heart into the talk

‡ Stress the important words
‡ Var the pitch of voice
‡ Maintain ee contact
‡ Speak loudl

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 A   á ÷  
SP
‡ Summarize
‡ Appeal for action
‡ Pa compliment
‡ Raising a laugh
‡ Quoting a verse of poetr
‡ sing a biblical quotation
‡ uilding up a climax

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 Purpose of Speech

‡ Informative Speech
± he purpose of an informative speech is to
teach the audience a small but useful tidbit of
information
± .g. Mount inabalu was designated as the
world heritage sight.

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 Purpose of Speech

‡ Persuasive Speech
± he purpose is a persuasive speech is to
change people's minds or behavior about
something.
± .g. áon¶t árink and árive

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 Purpose of Speech

‡ Special ÷ccasion Speech

± is an emotional speech that marks a major
event or rite of passage
± Sample of S÷S are;
‡ Welcoming speech,
‡ Introductor speech,
‡ Inauguration Speech, and
‡ ntertainment Speech

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   AáI

‡ An %:(-) is a group of people who

participate in a show or encounter a work
of art, literature, theatre, music or
academics in an medium.
‡ Audience members participate in different
was in different kinds of art; some events
invite overt audience participation and
others allowing onl modest clapping and
criticism and reception

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   AáI

‡ Age, gender, race

‡ Academic or on-academic
‡ ostile, eutral, n-uniform or supportive
‡ Large group or small group

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 A Sense of Audience
] here¶s no excuse for boring our audience. r to
put then first and alwas keep them in our mind
when ou prepare our speech.

] Ask friends for feedback. r to see ourselves as

others see ou. (Watch or listen to ourself in video/
audio recording)

] Show enthusiasm. áon¶t look and sound dull. Practice

helps to overcome nervousness

] Look confident b standing straight and being well

prepared; it¶s natural to feel a bit nervous, but work on
mastering/ controlling the feeling

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 L÷GISIS

‡ Sound Sstem
‡ Visual Aids Sstem
‡ limate ontrol
‡ he Stage
‡ Seat Arrangement
‡ xits and ntrance
‡ Rest Rooms
‡ árinks, Snack ar

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 xcellent Speakers

‡ haracteristics that make an excellent

speaker

± onfidence
± se
our Voice and od ffectivel
± Art of Stortelling

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 Review the Planks of onfidence

M ontent
M rganization
M ewness
M riendliness
M mpression
M edication
M mpath
M otes
M onviction
M nthusiasm

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 Intrapersonal ommunication

‡ Positive Self alk

± e our biggest cheerleader
± elieve in ourself
± hink of ourself in a positive light

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 Quick Write w

‡ I believe in mself because«

‡ ÷thers believe in m because«
‡ I believe I am smart because«
‡ ÷thers believe I am smart because«
‡ M teachers believe in me because«
‡ M parents believe in me because«
‡ I will accomplish a lot in life because«
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 Rate

‡ he speed at which we speak

‡ What is wrong with speaking . . .

± oo slowl?
‡ ores the audience
± oo fast?
‡ ard to understand, run out of breath

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 Pitch

‡ he vocal notes that ou hit while

speaking²the highs and lows of our
voice

‡ áo not speak in a monotone²it bores

our audience

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 Voice Inflection

]Altering our pitch to help bring attention

and emphasis to what ou are speaking

â u think that ou are the best.

â I 4
 that ou are the best.
â I think that you are the best.
â I think that ou Y
the best.
â I think that ou are 4
best.
â I think that ou are the ]
4.

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 Projection and Volume

‡ he loudness or softness of our voice

‡ e sure to adapt our volume level to the

situation or environment
‡ Alter our volume level when telling a stor
to add drama

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 Articulation and Pronunciation

‡ Articulation
± he crispness, the distinctness, with which we
sa the sllables in a word

‡ Pronunciation
± Saing the sounds of a word properl and
stressing the correct sllable

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 od Language

‡ e ontact
± stablish ee contact with the audience
frequentl
‡ Poise
± Show our audience how confident ou are
‡ and Gestures
± se to enhance our speech, not as a wa to
calm our nerves!

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 Stortelling

‡ Storteller is a weaver of facts, dreams,

and knowledge into a tapestr « a stor
‡ ell a stor someone wrote ± or our own!

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 Imager

‡ Paint a picture with our words using

active verbs and adjectives
‡ Imager involves one or more of our five
senses (hearing, taste, touch, smell,
sight).
‡ An author uses a word or phrase to
stimulate our memor of those senses.
‡ hese memories can be positive or
negative which will contribute to the mood
of our poem |
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W A IS M÷IVAI÷ ÷   MPL÷
S?
MASL÷W¶S IRAR
á ÷R
M÷IVAI÷

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 AL R ISI
QAI÷
 = mc
en lanchard advocates
³nthusiasm equals mission times cash and
congratulation´.

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 IPS
áos
] Maintain god ee contact with ALL of the audience ± move
our head to include everone
] se small index cards as cue cards/ prompts
] Pause appropriatel; give the audience time to digest our
points; emphasize ke words and phrases; aim for stress
timed deliver, not sllable-timed
] Pa attention to diction ; remember to articulate final
consonant sounds
á÷¶s
] Read direct from our notes all the time
] se excessive gestures, fidget, pla with our hair/ tie etc. as
this can be ver distracting

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