SOLAR IRRIGATION

SYSTEM USING GSM

Bilawal kamal shah
15193
Supervisor: sir muntazir hussain
 INTRODUCTION
Pakistan, agriculture plays an important role for the
development of the country in villages. Basically, agriculture
depends on the water of monsoon which does not have
enough water source and also our irrigation methods are
based on old methods which does not give much production
of crops and chances of crops to fall in disease is much high. To
overcome this problem of water, we have organized an
irrigation system which is employed in the agricultural field.
 OBJECTIVES
 To implement sustainable irrigation system through which we
can improve and stabilize the crop yields of smallholder olive
farmers.
 To eliminate human errors and to save time.
 To turn the motor ON and OFF remotely, thus minimizing the
need of labor.
 To generate better economic consequences for farmers and
their families.
 To minimize year to year fluctuations.
 GSM will send real time status of sensor.
 Online monitoring through SMS give better yield of crops.
 Automation in irrigation based on sensors can save loss of water
which is essential part
 METHODOLOGY

We are using moisture sensors which are placed on different

places in the field to check the status of the soil and to supply
water where irrigation is required. Thus eliminating excessive
irrigation cycles and saving water to a significant extent.
Effective crop treatment and water management is the major
requisite in most of the cultivating system. In the field of
agriculture the most important part is, to get the information
about the moisture content of soil. The pumping motor ON
or OFF on sensing the moisture content of the soil. In
agricultural field, use of proper method of irrigation is
important. The advantage of using this method is to reduce
human intervention and to save water.
Block diagram
 Component List

 Components Used In Solar  9 Relay Module 1

Irrigation System  10 LCD(16x2) 1
 Sr. No Component Name QuantitY  11 RF Module (HC-11) 1
 1 Arduino UNO 1.  12 Potentiometer 2
 2 Moisture Sensor 2  13 M/F wires 1
 3 Solar Panel(15w) 1  14 Arduino Uno Cables 2
 4 Servo Motor 1  15 Battery (12v) 1
 5 GSM 1  16 Charger (9v) 1
 6 Pumping Motor (12V) 1

 7 Jumper wires 80 pins strip

 ARDUINO UNO

 Arduino is 8-bit Microcontroller.

 8 bit microcontroller means central processing unit or
arithmetic logic unit can process 8 bit data at a time.
 It has built in memory (SRAM, Flash Memory) with input and
output peripherals
 It has 14 pins out of which 6 are PWM pins and other are
digital pins
 It has just 6 analog Pins
 . Different pins can be used for different purpose.
 This board has built in USB to TTL converter
 .We can supply safely up to 12v in its input [9].
 MOISTURE SENSOR

Moisture sensor is used to measure the volumetric

water content in the soil. In the soil moisture is an
important component in the atmospheric water
cycle. When the soil moisture is low, sensor module
outputs a high level of resistance. Moisture sensor
has both analog and digital outputs.Digital output is
very simple to use but it is not as accurate as analog
output.
 SOLAR PANEL

A solar panel is designed in such a way that it

absorbs the sun rays as a source of energy and
generate electricity. For generating a flow of
electricity, solar panel allow photons to knock
the electrons which are free from atoms. Solar
panel consists of many smaller units that are
called photovoltaic cells. A solar panel is formed
when many photovoltaic cells are linked
together.
 SERVO MOTOR

A regular motor does not have

capabilities like a servo motor. It is a
rotary motor that allows a precise
control in terms of acceleration,
velocity and angular position. In the
market a lot of servo motors are
available and each motor has its own
specialty and applications. We are
using sg-90 servo motor.
 GSM
A GSM module is a chip or circuit that can be used
to established communication between a mobile
device or computing machine or GPS or GSM
system. The SIM 900 is complete quad-band GSM
solution in a SMT module which can be embedded
in customer application. It delivers
850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice ,
SMS, data and fax in a small form factor and with
low power consumption.
 Pumping motor
Pumping motor is used to supply water which is required for
irrigation. Moisture sensors that are connected to the
microcontroller decide whether to turn ON or OFF the DC
pumping motor. Pumping motor used for irrigation is of 12V. The
water is monitored in the water source so that if the level of
water is low, the motor is automatically switched OFF to
prevent the damage to the motor due to dry run. The motor is
automatically switched ON or OFF because this pumping motor
is connected to the microcontroller
 TEMPERATURE SENSOR
 To measure temperature or heat in a
system, a temperature sensor is used. The
temperature sensor an instrumentation
equipment. The temperature sensor used
in Solar based irrigation system is DHT-
11, because it is a basic low cost digital
temperature sensor. It is used to measure
the temperature of surrounding air. This
temperature sensor is very simple to use,
it only requires careful timing to grab
data.
 Relay module
 It is an electrically operated switch.
Relay module can be turned ON or
OFF by letting the current to pass
through it or by stopping it. Relay
module allows one circuit to switch
another ON, hence relay module are
very important and useful devices.
 LCD screen
 We can observe electrical parameters by
using 16*2 alphanumeric LCDs. A 16x2
alphanumeric LCD can show 224 distinct
characters and symbols. +5V is required for
input control supply. This LCD is equipped
for handle 8 bits at once. It has up 14 pins
from which 8 pins are information pins and
utilized for sending and getting information
to LCD as numbers or characters.
 CONCLUSION
 We have designed a Solar based irrigation system
which is employed in the agricultural field.This Solar
based irrigation system is based on the online
monitoring and automation is also included which
improve the yield of crops and increase efficiency of
overall system. We are using moister sensors which are
placed on different places in the field. The sensors
senses the moisture level of the soil and gives feedback
to the controller to supply water where there is need of
irrigation. Controller will decide to turn ON or OFF DC
motor which provide water to the land for irrigation.
On the other hand farmer can check the status of
irrigation on single click. Thus this irrigation system is a
solution to the problems faced in the existing process
of irrigation by enabling efficient utilization of water
resources