DESIGN OF

LIQUID NITROGEN (LN2 )

CRYOGENIC TANK
BY
 Overall project
Cryogenics- low temperature study
Cold converter- pressure vessel for
storage of liquids
Materials used for designing
Procedure for designing of cold converter
Testing techniques
Result
Conclusion
Future scope
What is cryogenics?
It is a science of low temperatures
Occurs below -150c or 123k
Krous-frost, genos-origin of creation
What is a storage tank?
It is a container for holding liquids
( cold converter)
Use of designing a liquid
nitrogen storage tank?
It is the tank where any
liquid is stored for long
duration which are
stored at cryogenic
temperatures. The
length, height, diameter
of the tank depends
upon the quantity of
liquid you store.
 Cryogenic structure

Double walled cylindrical tank

Inner vessel stainless steel
Outer vessel carbon steel
Vacuum is created between these two
vessels
Case study:
in rocket
industry
use of
liquid
nitrogen
cryogenic
storage tank
Applications
Steel production
Fertilizers
Factories
Petro chemical-complexes
In food and fish preservation
In space research
 Advantages
Decreases brittleness
Increases tensile strength, toughness and stability
coupled with the release of internal stresses
Decreases residual stresses in steel tools.
Components of cryogenic liquid
storage tank
Inner pressure vessel
Outer pressure vessel
Insulation
Components of cold converter
Shells
Dished ends
Skirt
Nozzles
Pressurization coil
Control cabinet
 Air separation process cycle
Air separation process cycle

Refrigerating
Compression Filtration Vessel Post filter Cold box
unit

Cold box

A column
Heat Expansion Inlet and out let
consisting of
exchangers turbines manifolds
aluminium rays
Design codes
ASME selection VIII division-I&II
(American code)
PD 5500 (British code)
AD Merkblatter(German code)
IS 2825(Indian code)
Different cryogenic materials
Stainless steel
9% nickel steels
Aluminum alloys
Copper alloys
Material properties
Thermal conductivity
Specific heat
Thermal expansion
 Design estimation
DESCRIPTION INNER VESSEL OUTER VESSEL UNITS

Material handled Liquid nitrogen Perlite ----

Working pressure 8.5 Vacuum Kg/cm2

Design pressure 11.332 1.033 Kg/cm2

Test pressure (pneumatic) ---- ---- Kg/cm2

Test pressure (hydraulic) ----- ---- Kg/cm2

Working temperature -196 Ambient °C

Design temperature -196 to 40 50 °C

Corrosion allowance 0 3.0 Mm

Joint efficiency 1.0/ 1.0 0.85/ 0.85 ----

Radiography FULL SPOT ----

Heat treatment NIL NIL ----

 calculations
Our aim is to design a65 m3 cryogenic liquid storage
tank
capacity=65 m3
vapour space= 5%
volume of dished ends= 4/3 πr3
Volume of cylindrical shells=LD2π/4
Height of the shell=HD2π/4
We find length, height, radius, volume, pressure using all
above formulae and thesis
Next we design inner shell , inner dished ends, outer
shell, outer dished ends
 Material Selection and
Optimization
ADD
 Conclusion
Safe minimum thickness of various components of
cryogenic cold converter is calculated
Standard dimensions are taken
Components which have stresses less than maximum
safe allowable stresses are adopted and others are
redesigned for increased thickness
Pressure vessels have uniform diameter so there will
be no discontinuity of stresses
Once the design is fit it is fabricated
 Future scope
It is centre of excellence in the field of accelerator
science and technology
It is a developing branch. They have a wide
applications in defense, aerospace, space research
and many fields.
Queries?
Thank you