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• Identify hazards.
• Communicate hazardous job requirements to
employees.
• Ensure proper safety equipment and procedures
are used/followed.
• Identify responsibility.
• Ensure all personnel understand what they must
do.
• Plan and control the job.
6. Use of vehicles (fork lift, man lift, etc.) outside of process areas.
7. Work in administrative buildings where the employee controls the hazard (i.e. changing
light bulbs, working on a PC or copy machine, etc.)
8. Work in R&D labs by the equipment owner/operator where the employee controls
the hazard.
9. Hot work in a maintenance shop or designated fabrication area.
It is important to note that the activities in the above listing are not all inclusive,
but should be used as a guide for determining whether permits are needed or not. Hence
there is a question as to whether a work permit should be
prepared, and then a permit is necessary.
Safety Work Permit Issuer Training 7
WORKS WHICH TYPICALLY REQUIRE S W P
1. All maintenance or servicing activity in a process or operating area.
2. Working on or near or opening process equipment (this includes vessels,
pipelines,valves, utilities, controls, etc.), exclusive of normal operating activities.
3. Construction works in operating (process) areas.
4. Construction work adjacent to operating (process) areas.
5. Inspecting process equipment when it exposes employees to rotating parts, energized
electrical circuits, pressure hazards, or other energy related hazards, etc.
6. Removal of a guard from operating equipment or bypass of a safety control system.
7. Excavation/digging.
8. Use of vehicles in electrically classified areas.
9. Hot work (welding, torch cutting, etc.)
10. Confined space entry.
11. Construction or maintenance activities that use hazardous materials or techniques
(e.g. radiography, explosives, sandblasting, painting, high pressure water blasting,
etc.).
12. Any activity (normal or abnormal) which the facility manager determines is potentially
hazardous.
13. During the lockout/tagout of electrical, mechanical, or process equipment when
performed for maintenance or servicing activities.
14. When work is performed that would cause or require impairment to any fire protective
systems.
15. Involvement of outside contractor personnel in any activity listed above or cases the
contractor's work activity takes place in the process area of the plant.
2. PERMIT ISSUER:
3. PERMITEE :
The person who receives the permit and carries out by himself or responsible
for carrying out hazardous work as indicated in the permit form.
The persons who would be directly affected if the safety precautions as per the
permit are not taken.
5. OTHERS:
The persons who are not connected with the work and should be warned of the
activities, so that they would not get them selves endangered by the hazardous
activities going around.
The placement of a lock and danger tag on an isolating device indicating that the
isolating device and its system shall not be operated until the lock and danger tag are
removed.
7. ISOLATION DEVICE:
• Standardized Permit
These permits and tags are designed so they are reusable
for the same repetitive tasks. The use of standardized permits allows
facilities to reduce the workload of generating the same permit repeatedly for
jobs that require large amounts of tags (US practice)
• Hazard Identification
• Energy Isolation
• Communication
• Monitoring
• Close out
• Use Process knowledge, MSDS, knowledge of the activity planned, etc to identify
Possible hazards
• Ensure equipments used for identifying hazards are working and used by
Trained personnel
• MACHINERY
• PRESSURISED SYSTEM
• CHEMICAL SYSTEM
• ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
SOURCE ISOLATION
• If the work is on the electrical equipment itself, remove fuse, pull out
breaker and ensure physical isolation of the circuit.
• Endorse the isolation details in the Safety Work Permit or Isolation record
sheet
• Use Locks to physically restrain an isolation device in case the energy cannot
be isolated by physical disconnection.
• Locks used for this purpose should have id nos. which should be mentioned in
the energy isolation record or in the SWP.
• Keys of the locks should be under the control of the permit issuer.
• More locks are put for a single safe work permit, all the keys can be kept in one
box and locked, whose key shall be under the control of permit issuer.
• If the system is not lockable then tags can be used to warn people from
inadvertent tampering of the isolation.
• Such tags should be unique and possess serial no which should be indicated
in the energy isolation record. The stubs are to be attached with the
permit copy in possession of the permit issuer.
• After locks or tags are removed, close the energy isolation record.
RED
DANGER
DANGER
THIS
FRONT SIDE
BACK SIDE
Permit Issuer to conduct pre job discussion to the permitee at the job site,
which include:
Get their acknowledgement in the SWP form to the effect that they understand
all the risks involved, precautions taken and emergency response are
understood.
Any responsible person walking around the work area, can cross
check if all the conditions stipulated in the work permit displayed or in
possession of the permitee are complied. If not, the permit issuer can
be informed and the work suspended till the conditions stipulated in
the permit are restored.
CANCELLED, If the permit is unlikely to remain valid, even after the reason for stoppage is removed
Transferring Permit Issuer responsibility: if the permit issuer is to leave the work spot for
any reason and cannot supervise the activities can transfer to another authorized person.
Permit is signed off, both by the permitee and permit issuer at the work spot after satisfying that
the work is completed and the area is made safe and clean.
Safety Work Permit Issuer Training 24
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST RESIDUAL HAZARDS
Potential exposure to Hazardous Atmospheres:
POSITIVE ISOLATION: Spool piece removal, fixing blind, double block and bleed, closed and locked
PURGING: Remove hazardous atmospheres (No flammable, toxic or oxygen enriched or deficient )
MONITORING: Flammable Gas – should be less than 10 % of LEL of the expected Gas
Toxic Gas – Less than the TLV of the expected gas
Oxygen content – should be between 19 to 22.5 %
Done using calibrated instrument, at higher frequency initially and at a reasonable
frequency later.
PROTECTION AGAINST HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES: PPE’s such as respirators, clothing, etc
COMMUNICATION: between the entrant and the attendant, effective, quick and understandable
Elevated Work: (Work more than 2 metres from ground or platform without any permanent handrail)
LADDER INSPECTION: (Sturdy uniform rungs, suitable for load, no metal ladder near electrical installation.
LADDER SUPPORTED: From top or bottom tied, held by a person, projecting three rungs above the top
landing
LADDER ON LEVEL AND STABLE: Have safety foot, ground is stable, hard and flat
SCAFFOLDS: Stable and suitable for load, no loose planks, strong enough to withstand at least 4 times
the expected maximum load, side rails available, if made of casuarinas, fresh and strong.
BARRICADING: Area below the work area with yellow / black or red/while tapes with caution sign board
TOOLS HANDLING: Use of tool box or bag to carry tools, kept securely, not to drop and fall
PPE’s: Safety belt with suitable body harness. Suitable location for fixing the rope, Safety net
EXCAVATION : (normally more than one metre deep by manual, and for any depth, when
machine is used)
EARTHING: If mechanical tools are used, earthing, caution on any electrical over head or
near by sources.
CAVE IN PROTECTION: Shoring or slopping if the depth is more than 1.2 metres, depending
upon the soil quality and space available.
REMOVAL OF WASTE : Remove at least one metre away from the pit to avoid slide back.
ESCAPE /ACCESS STAIRS: Steps at every 8 metres length for access and emergency
escape.
ISOLATION: Power supply isolated, locked and tagged, Circuit checked of zero voltage
INSPECTION: Electrical cables and tools inspected loose wires, bad insulation, bad joints, etc
SAFETY WATCH: Second person, in case of remote location, trained what to do in case of emergency
ELECTRICAL LINE CLEARANCE: 4 metres clearance maintained from the electrical power line /
conductors, when working near or using cranes, long tools or equipment
PPE’s: Approved electrical and leather gloves appropriate for the line voltage is provided
CURRENT LEAK PROTECTION: Ground Fault Circuit breaker provided, when working with tools, or
with equipments which can cause over loading due to any reason.
• The equipment and the surroundings are tested for flammable and explosive gas (< 10 % of
LEL )
• Area wetted
• Fill up the preliminary details in the form and go to the work spot
• Ensure that all precautions from the residual hazards as listed in the SWP form are
taken care.
• Conduct pre job discussion with all the affected personnel at the work spot.
• Give the first copy to the permitee and the second one for display at the permit
control centre.
• Supervise at regular intervals the progress of the job safely.
• Once the permitee informs that the job is over, go the work spot and ensure that the
job is completed as per the requirement, and the area is clean and free from any
hazards.
• Permit is signed off by the permitee and the permit issuer in both the copies and one
of them is kept in the files for records and audit verification.
Safety Work Permit Issuer Training 32
IMPLMENTATION PROCESS STEPS