SULTANATE PERIOD From 1173 to 1526

CONTENTS

BACKGROUND

FIVE DYNASTIES OF SULTANATE PERIOD

DELHI SULTANATE

CONCLUSION
 BACKGROUND AND HISTORY OF SULTANATE PERIOD

THE ARABS INVASION ON INDIA AFTER

PROPHETHOOD PERIOD (570 TO 632)AD
PIOUS CALIPHATE (632-661)AD
UMMAYYAD CALIPHATE (661-750)AD
ABBASIDS (750-1258)AD
OTTOMAN CALIPHATE
OTHER AFGHAN AND CENTRAL ASIANS
SULTANATE PERIOD (1173-1526)AD
MUGHAL PERIOD (1526-1857)AD
WHAT DOES SULTANATE MEAN ?

‘’A STATE OR COUNTRY GOVERNED BY

A SULTAN AND THE OFFICE DIGNITY
OR POWER OF SULTAN’’
 BACKGROUND OF SULTANATE
PERIOD (1173-1526)
• SHAHABUDDIN MUHAMMAD GHOR ALSO CALLED MUHAMMAD OF GHOR

ASCENDED THE THRONE OF GHAZNI) PLAYS A VITAL ROLE FOR THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF SULTANATE PERIOD.

• HE ATTACKED ON INDIA BECAUSE HE THOUGHT THAT COULD NOT GAIN

ANYTHING FROM THE CENTRAL ASIA.

• ESTABLISHING PERMANAENT EMPIRE

• PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENT OF TURKISH

 EXPEDITIONS OF
GHOURI

• FIRST EXPEDITION IN AD 1175

• ANOTHER MARCHED IN 1178 TO CONQUER GUJRAT BUT

FAILED.

• CONQUERED PESHAWAR IN 1179-80.

• CONQUERED LAHORE IN AD1186.THE FORT OF SIALKOT

AND DEBAL WAS NEXT

• IN 1190AD HE GOT SECURED MULTAN

 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MUHAMMAD
GHOURI AND MUHAMMAD GHAZNI
INTENTIONS ABOUT THE ATTACKS ON
INDIA?
 MUMLUK SULTAN AND
SLAVE DYNASTY(1206-1290)

1. QUTBULDINAIBAK(AD1206-1210)
2. ILLTUMISH(AD1210-1236)
3. RAZIYA(1236-40)
4. NASIRUDDIN MAHMUD(1246-66)
5. BALBAN(AD1266-87)
 QUTBUDDIN AIBAK (1290-1210)

• TURKISH SLAVE
• MUHAMMD GHOURI DEATH IN 1206
• INDEPENDENT RULER AND FOUNDER OF DELHI SULTANATE
• REVOLTS FROM RAJPUTS AND OTHER INDIN CHIEFS
• CONCILIATORY MEASURES AND DISPLAY OF POWER
• OCCUPATION
• LAKH BAKSH
ILLTUTMISH(AD 1210-1236)
• AIBAK DEATH IN AD1210
• INCAPABILITY OF ARAM SHAH
• GOVERNOR OF BADAYUNN(ILTUTMISH)
• SULTAN WITH THE NAME OF SHAMSUDDIN
• CREDIT OF CONSOLIDATING THE DELHI SULTANATE
• YALDUAZ,QUBACHA AND ALI MARDAN DEFIANCE AGAIN
• RISING POWER OF MANGOLS
• CONSOLIDATED HIS POSITION
• SAVED SULTANATE FROM MONGOLS

IN AD1225 ENGAGED HIS ARMIES

BROUGHT BENGAL AND BEHAR IN DELHI SULTANATE IN AD 1226-27

IN AD(1226-32)CAPTURED RANTHAMBORE

GIVING SHAPE TO ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

 RAZIYA(1236-40)

• DAUGHTER OF ILTUTMISH

• PEOPLE SUPPORT HER

• MANAGE EMPIRE EFFICIENTLY

• NOBLES REVOLTING AGAINST HER

• GOT KILLED IN AD1240

 NASIRUDDIN MAHMUD(1246-66)
• STRUGGLE OF POWER
• INCAPABLE FOR HANDLING EMPIRE
• HIS NOBLE MANAGE IT
• BALBAN REPLACED HIM
• MAHMUD DIED IN AD 1265
 BALBAN (AD1266-87)
• BECOME IN SUTAN POSITION
• ADOPTED A SPECIFIC POLICY TO MANAGE EMPIRE
• ORGANIZED MILITARY DEPARTMENT
• IMPRESS THE PEOPLE WITH THE STRENGTH
• MAINTAINED A MAGNIFICIENT COURT
• STRENGTH THE DELHI SULTANATE
• DIED IN AD 1287
KHALJI

• The Khalji or Khalji] dynasty was a Muslim dynasty which

ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent between 1290
and 1320
• Capital → Delhi
• Common language → Persian
• Religion → Sunni islam
• Government → Sultanate
HISTORY OF SULTANATE KHALJI
KHALJI RULER
• Sultan

• 1290–1296 Jalal-ud-din Khalji

• 1296–1316 Alauddin Khalji
• 1316 Shihab ud din
• 1316–1320 Qutb ad din
 JALAL-UD-DIN KHALJI
1290–1296

• . He was founder of khalji and became the second dynasty to rule the Delhi sultanate.

Biography

Early life
Personality
Victories
Mongol invasions
Death
 ALAUDDIN KHALJI
1296–1316

Alauddin Khalji was the nephew and son-in-law of Jalal-ud-din. He raided the Hindu Deccan peninsula

Early life
Personality
Victory
Mongol Attacks
ECONOMIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION

• Alauddin Khalji changed the tax policies to strengthen his treasury to help pay
the keep of his growing army and fund his wars of expansion
• Agriculture taxes
• Four division of taxes
COPPER COINS OF ALAUDDIN KHALJI
THE LAST KHALJI SULTANS
: SHIHABUDDIN OMAR, QUTBUDDIN MUBARAK SHAH, AND KHUSRO KHAN
1316–1320

• Alauddin Khalji died in December 1315.

• Sultane khilji handle Shihab ud din or
• 1316–1320 Qutb ad din
FAMILY OF TUGHLAQ
1321 TO 11414
TUGHAL BELONGED BASICALLY FROM TURKISH
REGION AND THE FAMILY RELIGION WAS MUSLIM.

• Language Urdu
• Religion Sunni islam
• Place Delhi
RULERS OF TUGHLAQ

• 1321–1325 Ghiyath al Din tughlaq

• 1325–1351 Sultan m tughlaq
• 1351–1388 Ferooz shah tughlaq
GHIYASUDDIN TUGHLAQ 1321–1325

EARLY LIFE
CONQUEST
ACHIEVEMENT
DEATH
 SULTAN M SHAH TUGHLAQ
1390–1394

• Son of Ghiyasuddin
• 23 province
• Changes in Capital
• Changes in Currency
• Death ‘1351
 FEROOZ SHAH TUGHLAQ 1388–1389

• Biography
• Personality
• Financial aspect
• Legal aspect
 Ameer taimur 1398

At the beginning Ameer taimur was leader of

Samarkand
But due to his intelligence he capture some of the
parts of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Hindustan, and
Russia.
He face difficulty in walking that’s why he was
also named as taimur lung.
After the death of fairooz tuglaq the Indian
tribes become sacred and unity between the
tribes become demolish
 continue

Ameer taimur take advantage of this situation and he

makes a plan to capture all parts of Hindustan .
He capture Lahore, Multan, depal purr, ooch and Pak
patan.
After that he makes a plan to capture Delhi .
He was able to win the battle fought with the army of
the tuglaq.
In 1399 he reached Samarqand.
In 1413 dolat khan Lodi became a new governor of
Delhi.
In 1414 governor khazar khan attacked on Delhi and
defeated the dolat khan Lodi.
 Effects of attacks

• Due to the attacks of Ameer taimur the Delhi

sultanate was divided in to various smaller
units or parts.
• He capture all the money from all the
passing by areas
• Many innocent people were murdered
• and all the crops were destroyed by him
• Many people died because of famine
• Economy collapse
 Sayyad dynasty (1414-1450)

In 1414 Sayyad's government was established

From 1414 to 1451 but they were not able to govern the
system .
And Lodi's capture the Delhi sultanate.
 Lodi era (1526 to 1451)

• They were basically traders

• And start the employment in the Indian army
• And they settled in India
• The behlul Lodi was first leader of the Lodi era
 Sultan behlul Lodi ( 1488 to 1451)

• Islam khan was his uncle and he raised sultan as his own child
• After the death of his uncle, he become a governor of sir hind
• The last leader of Syed era invite him to Delhi and he gave the
Delhi sultanate to him
• Because he was a good leader and honest for his work
• When behlul Lodi takes the Delhi sultanate was very limited
• He treated every one equally even gave right to the Indians
• And gave higher ranks to rajputs in his governance
 Sikandar Lodi ( 1488 to 1518)

After the death of behlul Lodi , his son sikandar Lodi become the
leader in 1489.
He was also named as “sikandar e shah”
He expand his government
And battle up against all the the enemies and defeated them
He makes a policy of unity so all the people receive equality
In his era a new city of aagra was also constructed consisting of
beautiful views, building etc.)
He was also known as the kindest leader in sultan e Lodi
 Ibrahim Lodi (1518 to 1526)

• After the death of his father he became the king in 1518

• And he started imposing strict regulations on the people as well
as the governors
• Due to which all the people as well as governors started getting
against him
• Even though his father was known for his kindness
• Azam khan and his son Fatah khan was also sentenced to jail
because of the defeat faced by them at the point of Fatah
gawalyar
• Ibrahim Lodi was arrogant and he gave a chance to his enemies
to attack on Hindustan (India)
• Babar was a very well known and intelligent leader of that time.
 Downfall of Lodi

In 1526 near the area of panni pat a battle was fought between
the Ibrahim Lodi who came with his army of one lack soldiers and on
the other hand there was Babar and war started. Many people
were killed in the war and after some time the Ibrahim Lodi was
killed with his soldiers and the Lodi period come to an end after the
death of Ibrahim Lodi.
 Causes of down fall of delhi sultanate

• Huge empire
• The role of Muhammad tughlaq
• No system of appointing the king
• non-Muslim
• Lack of army training
• The movement of the afghans
• The role of Ibrahim Lodi
• Attacks by Ameer taimur
• Worthless successors
 Rise of the provincial kingdom
Bengal
• Was under the supervision of Husain family in 1493
1519 Sayyad alah ud din become the king of the Bengal
in 1523 nusrat shah captured or conquest Bengal.
Gujarat
• In 1297 allah ud din khelji enter Gujarat in the Delhi
government
• In 1396 the governor muzaffar khan declared
independence
• In 1411 Ahmadi shah became the leader
areca
• This state was governed by ganga family Rajput's
• In 1592 the areca was entered in to Mughal empire
 continue

• Khandesi
• It was governed by Farooq
• Rajjputana
• These states were extremely strong at
the point of mewer the rana sangha
was the governor who was famous for
his work.
• He was making dreams to capture
Delhi.