FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE

• Phases of reproductive cycle

• Hormones and their significance

PHASES
OF
REPRODUCTION
CYCLE
28 DAYS CALENDER
I. MENSTRUAL PHASE
HORMONAL CHANGES and EVENTS

FSH (follicular stimulating hormone)

OVARY
helps in the follicular development

Decreased PROGESTERONE and ESTROGEN.

UTERUS Increased PG production
Arteriolar constriction leading to oxygen
deprived cell death of endometrium
II.FOLLICULAR (PRE OVULATORY PHASE)

• End of menstruation period

and ovulation time period
• 6-13 in 28 day cycle
• Maturation into Graafian
follicle
HORMONAL CHANGES and EVENTS

Secondary follicles secrete ESTROGEN and INHIBIN

OVARY
Increased FSH
Development of matured (Graafian) follicle
Readying for ovulation

Estrogen repairs endometrium

UTERUS Thickness of 4-10mm
III. OVULATORY PHASE
HORMONAL CHANGES and EVENTS
Rupture of graafian follicle
Release of secondary oocyte
OVARY
High ESTROGEN;Increased levels of GONADOTROPIN
RELEASING HORMONE(GnRH))
Increased LUTEINIZING hormone (LH)
Ovum release occur

UTERUS ESTROGEN induced endometrial proliferation

 IV. LUTEAL PHASE

• Period between the ovulation and

onset of next mensus
• 14 days cycle
• Also called post ovulatory phase
• Formation of corpus luteum
(remnant of follicles after ovulation)
HORMONAL CHANGES and EVENTS

Mature follicle collpase and left over turns into corpus

OVARY
luteum under LH influence
Secretes PROGESTERONE,ESTROGEN, RELAXIN,
INHIBIN

Endometrial growth by progestrone and estrogen

Endometrial glands secrete (secretory phase)
UTERUS Withdrawal of progesterone and estrogen causes
menstruation.
IN A GLANCE