A chemical, endothermic, reaction which takes place in plants 1 Photosynthesis and algae, which produces a source of food. 2 Chloroplasts An organelle inside the cell- where photosynthesis takes place. Section 3- Rate of Photosynthesis 3 Chlorophyll The green substance inside chloroplasts which absorbs light. Limiting Factor How does it affect the rate? A water-soluble sugar, which contains six carbons, used in For most plants, the brighter the light, the faster the rate of 4 Glucose 12 Light respiration and can be made by photosynthesis. photosynthesis. If there is little/no light, photosynthesis will stop, Photosynthesis requires an input of energy from the As temperature increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases. However 5 Endothermic Reaction environment. 13 Temperature if the temperature is too high (40-50◦C) then the enzymes controlling photosynthesis denature, slowing the rate. Section 2- Leaf Adaptations 10 Leaf Structure The atmosphere is only 0.04% carbon dioxide, so it often limits the rate of photosynthesis. On a sunny day, carbon dioxide is the most common 14 Carbon dioxide concentration limiting factor. Increasing the CO2 concentration, increases Structure Adaptation for Photosynthesis photosynthesis. Less chlorophyll results in less photosynthesis. Minerals e.g. magnesium 15 Chlorophyll levels The leaf itself is broad and thin, are used to make chlorophyll, so can affect the rate of photosynthesis. 6 Leaf surface to give a large surface area for light to fall on and short diffusion distances for gases. Section 4- Plant Materials & Glucose
Material Use in Plant Test?
Carry water from xylem in the 7 Veins plant, to the cells of the leaves 16 A storage molecule made of and remove products of 11 Xylem & Phloem Cellulose glucose, strengthens cell walls. photosynthesis in the phloem. Iodine- boil leaves 17 Starch An insoluble molecule used for in ethanol, look for Allow carbon dioxide to get into energy storage in plants. blue-black colour. 8 Air Spaces the cells and oxygen to leave the Plants combine nitrates with Biuret Test for cells, by diffusion. 18 Nitrates glucose & other minerals to Proteins- purple make amino acids. colour change. 20 RP- Light Intensity & Rate of These cells open and close the 9 Guard Cells stomata (holes in the leaf), to Glucose is used to build up fats Photosynthesis. The number of regulate gas exchange. 19 Lipids & oils, which are used as an bubbles is measured by a syringe or energy store, often in seeds. upturned test tube.
(Advances in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 3) Haghi, A. K. - Zachariah, Ajesh K. - Kalarikkal, Nandakumar - Nanomaterials - Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications-Apple Academic Press (2013)