GRAPH

JONA A. ABELADO
TOPICS

• Histogram
• Frequency polygon
• Ogive
HISTOGRAM

• a graphical display of data using bars of different

heights

• it is similar to a bar chart, but a histogram groups

numbers into ranges
CREATING A HISTOGRAM IN EXCEL 2016

To create charts using the Insert Chart tab, follow the steps given
below.
Step 1: Select the data.
Step 2: Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon.
Step 3: In the charts group, click on the “Insert Static Chart”
option
Step 4: In the Histogram group, click on the Histogram
chart icon.
Example:

• Suppose you have a database as shown below. It

has the marks (out of 100) of 15 students in a
subject.(Please see Excel file for the example)
Frequency Polygon

• A visual representation of a distribution

• Indicates the number of occurrences for each distinct class in the

dataset

• The frequency polygon is a curve that is drawn on the x-axis and

the y-axis. The x-axis represents the values in the dataset while
the y-axis shows the number of occurrences of each distinct
category
How to create a Frequency Polygon in Excel?

1. Determine the classes in the dataset by defining the lower and

upper limits of each class and arrange them in one column

2. Identify the midpoints of each class. The midpoints can be

found using the formula:

Midpoint = (Lower limit + Upper limit) /2

The identified midpoints must be arranged in a separate column.

How to create a Frequency Polygon in Excel?

3. Calculate the frequencies for each class and arrange them

4. To ensure that our graph is truly a polygon, we must include the
first and last class with zero frequencies
5. Highlight the column that contains the midpoints for each class
and the column that contains the frequencies,
6. Select Insert -> Charts -> Insert Scatter -> Scatter with Straight
Lines
OGIVE

• Display of cumulative relative frequency on the y-axis throughout

several groups arranged on the x-axis display as a line graph.

• in short, an ogive chart is a line graph that increases from one

group to the next according to how much each group adds to the
total relative frequency.