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CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-NEWTONIAN
FLUID FLOW THROUGH CORRUGATED
CHANNEL
Introduction
There is a faster growing demand for compact thermal systems
and devices that can transfer heat in an efficient manner.
Methods for heat transfer:
Passive method
Example: use of special surface geometries like corrugated
channels
Active method
Example: Electrodynamics, jet, spray, surface vibration
1 Obrien and Sparrow Increase in heat transfer in corrugated channel by factor of 2.5 over straight
channel for Reynolds number varying 1500 to 25000.
2 Metwally and Optimum corrugation aspect ratio for maximum augmentation on heat
Manglik transfer enhancement lies in between 0.3-0.6
3 Ferley and Ormiston Sinusoidal-wavy-shaped corrugation, in general, has the lowest friction factor
and highest Nusselt number when compared to rounded-ellipse-shaped and
rounded-vee-shaped corrugation geometries.
4 Naphon Effect of different wavy angles and channel height on the enhancement of
heat transfer characteristics and pressure drop in corrugated channels.
5 Wang and Chen Increase in Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient with the increase in
Reynolds number and amplitude wavelength of sinusoidal curved converging-
diverging channel.
6 Mohammed et.al Optimum value of amplitude for corrugated channel for maximum cooling
performance .
Channel Specification
Equation for wavy wall for raccoon channel:
• For top wavy wall: S 𝑥ҧ = 𝐿 + Asin(2𝜋(𝑥ҧ − 𝑥ഥ𝑠 )/γ) (1)
• For bottom wavy wall: S 𝑥ҧ = −𝐿 − 𝐴sin(2𝜋(𝑥ҧ − 𝑥ഥ𝑠 )/γ) (2)
Where 𝐿 is the average half height between the top and bottom surfaces is, 𝐴 is the
wavy amplitude and 𝛾 is the wavelength. Dimensionless form of amplitude and
wavelength are expressed as A L and 2L respectively.
Here 𝜏𝑖𝑗 is the deviatoric stress tensor. For power law model, it is written as: τ ij 2eεij
where 𝑚 is the consistency index and 𝑛 is the power-law index. Furthermore, the apparent
viscosity can be related to the second invariant of rate of strain tensor 𝐼2 as:
where
1 𝜕𝑢𝑖 𝜕𝑢𝑗
𝛆𝑖𝑗 = + (8)
2 𝜕𝑥𝑗 𝜕𝑥𝑖
(16)
where is the derivative along the direction of the outward drawn normal to the surface and L is the half
separation distance between the wavy walls.
(17)
(18)
Figure 2: Comparison of variation of Nusselt number along the bottom wavy wall with
Wang and Chen for n = 1 and Pr = 6.93 (a) Re=100 (b) Re = 300
FIGURE 7: Isotherm and streamline contour with =0.5 and =0.5 and Re = 100 for power law
index (a) n = 0.5 and (b) n = 1.5
FIGURE 8: Isotherm and streamline contour with Reynolds number Re = 100 and
n = 0.5 for different values of wavelength of wavy wall with = 0.5 (a) =0.5 (b) =1.0
FIGURE 10: Variation of performance factor with Reynolds number for different wavelength of wavy wall with
=0.5 (a) =0.5 (b) =1.0, (c) =1.5
23-11-2017 National Institute of Technology, Silchar 18
Effect of amplitude of corrugated channel on Nusselt number and performance factor
FIGURE 11: Isotherm and streamline contour with Reynolds number Re = 100 and n = 0.5
for different values of amplitude of wavy wall with = 0.5 (a) =0.3 (b) =0.5
The thermo-hydraulic performance of the channel is relatively better for lower values Reynolds
The average Nusselt number increases as the waviness of the channel increases.
Performance factor increases with the increase of waviness and decrease of amplitude of the
corrugated channel
Inclusion of nanoparticles on the basic fluid have great scope on heat transfer improvement. Hence, the
influence of nanoparticles on the flow and heat transfer characteristics for flow through corrugated
Study of entropy generation for flow of Power law fluid through wavy channel.
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