Science Form 4

Chapter 4 Matter and Substances

4.4 Periodic Table
Elements in the world
Iron ore
Copper ore
Cinnabar contains mercury
iodine
Calcium
Calcium Carbonate Rock
sulphur
Sulphur lake Dallol
period

group
 Periodic Table of Elements
• A group refers to a vertical column of
elements. Elments from group 3 to 12 =
transition elements.
• Elements in the same group have similar
chemical properties.
• A period refers to a horizontal row of
elements.
 Periodic Table of Elements
• Moving from left to right across a period, there is
a gradual change in chemical and physical
properties, such as:
a) A decrease in metallic properties and an
increase in non-metallic properties.
b) A change of the properties of oxides from basic
(alkaline) to acidic.
c) A decrease in electrical conductivity of the
element.
Metals, semimetals and
Non-metals
Basic information about an element
 The importance of the
periodic table
• Enable us to study the properties of elements
through an orderly and systematic approach.
• Elements in the same group can be studied
together because they have similar chemical
properties.
• We can predict the properties and uses of an
element if we know its location in the Periodic
Table.
Science Module p.72