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PHILIPPINE CANCER
FACTS AND ESTIMATES
Warning Signals
• A persistent cough, blood streaked sputum,
chest pain, recurrent episodes of pneumonia or
bronchitis, hoarseness, arm or shoulder pain,
weakness and weight loss.
Early Detection
• There is still no effective
early detection method for
lung cancer. As a
consequence, majority of
patients with lung cancer are
diagnosed at an incurable
stage.
COLON-RECTUM CANCER
• The incidence rates begin to rise
steeply at age 50 years in both
males and females.
• In 2015 , cancers of the colon and
rectum combined were estimated to
rank 3rd for both sexes (9%), 4 th
among males (11%) and 3rd
among females (7%).
Risk Factors and Prevention
• Reported major risk factors are personal
or family history of colon or rectum cancer,
polyps in the colon or rectum, and
inflammatory bowel disease.
• Lifestyle factors, particularly diet, alcohol
consumption and physical inactivity.
• Evidence suggests that a diet high in fat
and deficient in whole grains, fruits and
vegetables increase the risk.
Warning Signals
• A change in bowel habits
such as recurrent diarrhea
and/or constipation,
particularly when
accompanied by
abdominal discomfort,
weight loss, unexplained
anemia, blood in the stool.
Early Detection
• Rectal digital examination,
proctoscopy, proctosigmoidoscopy,
barium enema and colonoscopy
(50 years old and older).
Treatment
• Early cancers of the colon and
rectum are curable by surgery.
• For small rectal lesions,
radiotherapy is just as effective. In
certain instances, the adjuvant use
of certain drugs and/or
radiotherapy can increase survival