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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO
CHEMISTRY
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OUTLINE

Definition

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Origin

Importance
Foreign
Scientists that Contributes to
Chemistry and Related Technology
Filipino
Scientific Method 2
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

BIOCHEMISTRY 3
CHEMISTRY

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CHEMISTRY
 Study of the composition, structure
and properties of matter, the

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changes matter undergoes and the
laws and principles governing these
changes
 “chemia” – art of metal working

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ORIGINS OF MODERN CHEMISTRY
 Antoine Lavoisier theory of
combustion which states that

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“combustion involves the
combination of oxygen (a component
of air)”
 Founder of modern chemistry

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IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY
 Foods
 There are foods that should not be

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taken at the same time because they
induce chemical reactions inside the
body
 Household
 Sugar, toothpaste, soap, paint,
disinfectants, electric bulb,
kitchenwares
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IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY
 Medicine
 Drug

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 Blood test done for patients
 DNA test being conducted by NBI
 Environment
 Study of pollution, etc

 Discoveriesof new principles and

theories that could explain
phenomena 8
FOREIGN SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Jacobus H. Van’t Hoff

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• Discovered laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic
pressure

Emil Fischer
• First to isolate different types of sugars
• Synthesize a variety of carbohydrates and purine
derivatives
• Determined the makeup of caffeine 9
FOREIGN SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Svante Arrhenius

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• Development of the electrolytic dissociation
theory

William Ramsay
• Discovered elements: helium, neon, argon,
krypton, and xenon and determined their
places in the periodic table
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FOREIGN SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Ernest Rutherford

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• Researched into artificial disintegration of
elements and the chemistry of radioactive
substances

Eduard Buchner
• Cell-free fermentation

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FILIPINO SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Violeta P. Arida

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• Soapmaking by cold process
• Development of cocofuel
• Production of charcoal and activated carbon
utilizing agri-cellulosic waste

Dr. Felicidad E. Anzaldo

• Adoption of the technology in the production of
the scented soap by cold process 12
FILIPINO SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Dr. Filemon A. Uriarte, Jr.

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• Developed a productivity enhancement of
mango and saba industries

Felicitas R. Roxas
• Found out that katurai conatains plenty of
sterols, tannins, saponins, histamine-like
compound or histamine-releasing agent
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD
A systematic process of generating
new knowledge

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 Composed of the following parts:

Observation Hypothesis Experiment Theory

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 SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• These are facts or data regarding a phenomenon that needs an
Observation explanation

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• Tentative explanation for the observed phenomenon
Hypothesis
• Actual observation or intuition

• Series of steps that tests the hypothesis

Experiment • If the Experiment proves that the hypothesis is incorrect, then
hypothesis has to be disregarded

• Conceptual model that describes how the observed phenomenon

occurs
Theory 15
• If experiment proves that the hypothesis is true, then
hypothesis becomes a theory
 THANK YOU!

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“Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by
the things that you didn’t do than by the ones you did do.”
-Mark Twain

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