Never Presented

Submitted by:
Anurag Sharma
Chandresh choudhary
Mahesh Sharma
Principle
 In this method of mix design, the water content of air
entrained concrete and the proportions of fine and
coarse aggregates are determined for a fixed
workability and grade of fine aggregates.
Procedure of mix proportion
 Table 1 recommends maximum slump for various
types of concrete construction works for which an
appropriate selection may be made.
Table 1 : Recommended maximum slump
 Water Cement Ratio
The water cement ratio for the target mean 28
days compressive strength is determined from
table 2 for either air entrained concrete with water
reducing, set-controlling admixtures.
The water cement ratio then be checked against
the maximum permissible value for the type of
exposure and construction work specified in
table-3.
lower of two values be adopted.
Table 2 : Probable minimum average compressive
strength of concrete for various w/c ratio
Table 3 : Net water cement ratio for concrete
 Approximate air and water contents and the
percentages of sand coarse aggregate per cubic meter
concrete are determined from the table 4, for concrete
containing natural sand fineness of modulus 2.75 and
having workability of 75 to 100m.

 Adjustment of values in water content and percentage

of sand or coarse aggregate are made (Table 5) for
changes in the fineness modules of sand ,slump of
concrete ,air content ,water-cement ratio and sand
content other than the reference values in Table 4.
Table 4 : Approximate air and water contents per m3 of
concrete and the proportions of fine and coarse aggregate
Table 5 : Adjustment of values of water content, percent
sand & percent of dry rodded coarse aggregate
 The cement content is calculated using the selected
water-cement ratio and the final water content of the
mix is arrived after adjustments.

 Proportions of aggregates are determined by

estimating the quality of coarse aggregate from the
table 4 or by computing the total solid volume of sand
and coarse aggregate in the concrete mix and
multiplying the final percentage after adjustment.
Example
Data Given:-
1.Type of structure: Other structure.
2.Type of exposure: Severe climatic (Class B). Refer Table 3.6.
3.Mean cylinder strength: 250kg/cm(sq) at 28 days.
4.Slump: 75mm.
5.Fineness modulus of sand: 2.75.
6. Coarse aggregate:
a) Maximum size of aggregate: 40mm.
b) Dry rodded unit weight: 1750kg/m(cube).
7. Specific gravity:
a) Cement: 3.15
b) Coarse aggregate: 2.68
c) Fine aggregate: 2.63
Mix Design
Procedure
Weight of sand: 244.1x2.63=641.98Kg.
Volume of coarse aggregate: [(1-0.45)*1000-290*1000/3.15-
145*1000-244.1*1000]
=473.84x10^3 cm(cube).
Weight of coarse aggregate: [(1-0.045)*1000-290*1000/3.15-
145*1000-244.1*1000]
=473.84X10^3 cm(cube).
Weight of coarse aggregate: 473.84*2.68= 1269.88 Kg.

Step 4: Alternately when the aggregate is proportioned by the dry -

rodded unit weight of coarse aggregate, the amount of coarse
aggregate is calculated as:
Dry-rodded unit weight = 73% from table.
Weight of coarse aggregate: 0.73*1750=1277.50 Kg.
The volume of sand and coarse aggregate can be calculated as in
Step 3.
Mix design procedure:
Step 1: Read water cement ratio for the mean compressive strength
of 25N/mm( square) at 28 daays from table.
Water cement ratio : 0.55
Step 2: Maximum permissible water cement ratio from table 3.6 for
severe condition is 0.5.
So adopt water cement ratio : 0.50
Step 3: Read value of air content water content percentage dry
rodded unit weight for maximum size of aggregate equal to 40mm
from table 3.7:
Water content : 145 Kg/m(cube).
Air content : 4.5 %
Sand: 34%.
Therefore weight of cement : 145/0.5= 290Kg.
Volume of sand: [(1-0.45)1000-290*1000/3.15-145*1000-
244.1*1000]*0.34
=244.1x10^3 cm(cube)
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