MADE BY:-

ADARSH. KOLUR – 3PD11CV002

RAIN WATER PRASAD.B – 3PD11CV050
HARVESTING ANWAYA.S.M – 3PD12CV018

AT BASAVAPRABHU – 3PD12CV024

BASAVESHWAR
HOSPITAL
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
PROF.DASHRATH KOLUR
 CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. OBJECTIVES
4. METHODOLOGIES
5. REFERENCES
 1.INTRODUCTION

 Water occupies major portion on earth, covering more than 70% of the planet’s surface
 All living things require water as the most basic for existence and survival.
 The average runoff of the river system in India has been assessed as 1869 m3
 The per capita availability of water at the national level has reduced from about 5,177 m3 in
the year 1951 to the present level of 1,869 m3.
 For improving per capita water availability in the country, replenishment of ground water
resources is a necessity which can be done very effectively through rain water harvesting.
RAINWATER HARVESTING

 Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a simple method by which rainfall is

collected for future usage
 The collected rainwater may be stored, utilised in different ways or directly
used for recharge purposes
 With depleting groundwater levels and fluctuating climate conditions,
RWH can go a long way to help mitigate these effects
 Capturing the rainwater can help recharge local aquifers, reduce urban
flooding and most importantly ensure water availability in water-scarce
zones.
Need of Rainwater Harvesting:-

 As water is becoming scarce, it is the need of the day to attain self-

sufficiency to fulfil the water needs.
 As urban water supply system is under tremendous pressure for supplying
water to ever increasing population.
 Groundwater is getting depleted and polluted.
 Soil erosion resulting from the unchecked runoff.
 Health hazards due to consumption of polluted water
Advantages of Rain Water Harvesting:-

 Provision of supplemental water

 Increasing soil moisture level for urban greenery
 Increase Ground Water table (by artificial recharge well)
 Mitigating urban flooding
 Rainwater is a comparatively clean and totally free source of water.
 It can supplement other sources of water supply such as groundwater or municipal water
connections.
 It lowers the water supply cost.
 It can provide an excellent back-up source of water for emergencies.
 It is socially acceptable and environmental responsible.
 It uses simple technologies that are inexpensive and easy to maintain.
 It is used in those areas which face insufficient water resources.
Harvesting Methods of Rainwater

 Broadly there are two ways of harvesting rainwater

 i)Surface runoff harvesting
 ii)Roof top rainwater harvesting
 Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather than
allowing it to run off. These stored waters are used for various purposes such as gardening,
irrigation etc. Various methods of rainwater harvesting are described in this section.
 i)Surface runoff harvesting
 In urban area rainwater flows away as surface runoff. This runoff could be caught and used for
recharging aquifers by adopting appropriate methods.
 ii)Rooftop rainwater harvesting
 It is a system of catching rainwater where it falls. In rooftop harvesting, the roof becomes the
catchments, and the rainwater is collected from the roof of the house/building. It can either be
stored in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system. This method is less expensive and very
effective and if implemented properly helps in augmenting the groundwater level of the area.
Components of Rainwater Harvesting System

 i) Catchment
 The catchment of the water harvesting system is the surface which directly receive the
rainfall and provide water to the system. It can be paved area like a roof top or courtyard
of a building, or an unpaved area like a lawn or open ground
 ii) Coarse mesh
 Course mesh is made of a network of wire used to prevent the entry of such debris into
the drain pipe from the catchment
 iii) Drain pipe
 Drain pipe is that which carry rainwater from the catchment or rooftop area to the
harvesting system. It can be of any material like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or galvanized iron
(GI). Commonly PVC pipe is used in lieu of its cost and non-corrosiveness. Size of pipe to
be provided is proportional to the area of the catchments and the intensity of rainfall
 iv) First flush
 A first flush device is a valve/bypass arrangement that ensures the runoff from the first spell
of rain, which contains relatively large amount of pollutants from air and debris from
catchments is flushed out and does not enter the collective system.
 v) Filtration unit
 The filtration unit/chamber is used to remove suspended particles from rainwater collected
and different types of filtering media can be used in the filtering units. Generally sand and
charcoal filters are used
 vi)Storage tank/sump
 Storage tank or sump is intended to store the collected and filtered rain water for drinking
and domestic use. It can be used a masonry structure or readymade tank
Geographic information system (GIS)

 GIS is a computer system that records, stores and analysis information about the features
that make up the earth's surface
 A GIS can generate two or three dimensional images of an area, showing such a natural
features as hills and rivers with artificial features such as roads and power lines.
 Scientist used GIS images as models, making precise measurements, gathering data, and
testing ideas with the help of the computer
 The GIS converts all geographical data into a digital code, which it arranges in its database
OBJECTIVES

1) To examine the present status of water requirement

and supply gap
2) To analyse the proposed rooftop rain water harvesting
potential in Basaveshwar Hospital Kalaburagi
3) To design conveyance and storage of rain harvested
water
4) Cost benefit analysis of rainwater harvesting
 LITERATURE REVIEW

 SAMBHAJI D. SHINDE, & et.al [2]

 In this study is seen that the through rooftop rainwater harvesting method water scarcity can be
minimized to certain extent and water collected can be used for drinking and domestic purpose.
 that Nidhal village has huge potential and can make above 38.03litres (63.38%) water available per
person per day throughout the year. It could be more than 57.12 litres per day per person if computed
only for 245 dry days. In this way above 95.2 % requirement can be met as the entire village can collect
5899860 litres of water per annum
 ANANT D. PATEL, & et.al [3]
 In a paper published by Anant D Patel and Pratima K. Shah they carried out the studies in one of the
five section of Amba Township which has 100 acres of total area and the population is 1000. This town is
10kms away from the Gandhinagar, so there is no water supply from Municipal of Gandhinagar. There
is no any reliable source of water in Amba Township. So there is need of private bore wells in Amba
Township.
 Here their study shows that they can collect annually 1, 46, 27, 284 lit water and this much amount of
water can be absorbed by 4 percolation well and if there is high intensity of rainfall then excess amount
of runoff can be flown towards the main percolation well through the road network. So by rainwater
harvesting they can harvest annually 1, 46, 27, 284 lit water which is 29.68% of total water demand and
also they can harvest and store the rain water into ground aquifer or into percolation well.
 C. J. KHILARE & et.al [4]

 In this case study attempt has been made to examine the present status of water requirement and
proposed rooftop RWH potential in the College campus.. Building and campus of Dahiwadi College
Dahiwadi located in Man tahsil of Satara district has been undertaken for the present investigation with 6
acres of campus with 4811.14 m2 built up area and 4410.6 m2 area of roof surface. .Dahiwadi College is
located in drought prone area, the average annual rainfall in the study area is hardly 500 mm.
 Their study shows that the total water demand and supply gap is 6718 litres daily and 2452070 litres
annually and Rooftop rainwater harvesting estimated potential is about 16,59,650 litres and it can be
mitigate about 70.39 per cent requirement of drinking water and 43.86 per cent domestic water demand
annually. If college uses harvested water during dry days only then either 100 per cent drinking water
demand or 65.88 Per cent domestic water demand can be fulfilled. Total water demand of the college is
about 6102070 litres out of which annually 27.02 per cent and during dry days (243 days) 40.59 per cent
can be completed through Rooftop RWH method.
 Meda Kalyan Kumar
 This project deals with aspect of improving the rain water availability in the Ananthapuramu campus by
implementing rain water harvesting (RWH). This implementation of RWH system can last for many years
providing water for drinking and other uses. A little maintenance and manual work is needed to clean
the catchment area, storage tanks and hydrocyclones.
 The water demand per year has been calculated and found to be 1,03,97,025 litres
 Catchment area for Shilpa hostel was calculated as 686 m2
 Rain water harvesting potential is calculated as 3,61,000 litres/year
 A piping diagram has been proposed which includes three hydrocyclones for separation of suspended
particles. List of parts have been identified and cost estimation was made. The total cost for
implementing RWH system worked out to be Rs. 76, 150.00
 Considering the amount of water collected annually through the rain water harvesting system, annual
savings is found to be Rs. 36,100.00. The payback period for project calculates to be 2.11 years. It is a
worthwhile investment since the payback period is near the ideal payback period range of 3 to 5 years
 METHODOLOGY

 Rainwater Harvesting System and Design aspects:

 Construction of RWHS requires the appropriate technologies and resources
that are available and relevant to the local area. So the analysis of design
and system is needed to be analysed properly considering the opinion of
the local community. Rainfall, existing water sources, availability of
materials, housing and roof types and the people’s means of livelihood are
the criteria to be analysed prior to the design of tanks and the entire
system. The design consideration are often compromised by site
conditions, or negated by the purposes for which people actually use
rainwater. It is also important to analyse the capacity of storage tank, its
safety, hazard aspects such as contamination of water, cleanliness of
water. Overall the cost of construction should be defined according to the
available resources.
 Hydrological Analysis
 On the basis of experimental evidence, Mr. H. Darcy, a French scientist enunciated in 1865, a
law governing the rate of flow (i.e. the discharge) through the soils. According to him, this
discharge was directly proportional to head loss (H) and the area of cross-section (A) of the soil,
and inversely proportional to the length of the soil sample (L). In other words
 Q = Runoff
 Here, H/L represents the head loss or hydraulic gradient (I),
 K is the co-efficient of permeability
 Hence, finally, Q = K. I. A.
 Similarly, based on the above principle, water harvesting potential of the catchment area was
calculated.
 The total amount of water that is received from rainfall over an area is called the rainwater
legacy of that area. And the amount that can be effectively harvested is called the water
harvesting potential. The formula for calculation for harvesting potential or volume of water
received or runoff produced or harvesting capacity is given as:-

Harvesting potential or Volume of water Received (m3)

= Area of Catchment (m2) X Amount of rainfall (m) X Runoff coefficient
 Design criteria of RWH structure

 Assessment of runoff
The runoff can be assessed by following formula.
Runoff= catchment area * runoff coefficient * rainfall

 Computing the peak drainage discharge by the use of empirical formula

 Gutter Design

 10.1 Software scenario

 Scanning and automatic digitizing

 Remote sensing

 Preparation of thematic maps

 Study Area
 Basaveshwar Hospital is located at 17°19'35.0"N 76°51'13.1"E coordinates. It is a private hospital affiliated
with Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College in Kalaburagi, which is a city in Karnataka, India. It is the
administrative headquarters of the Gulbarga district and a major city of the North Karnataka region.
Kalaburagi is 623 km north of the state capital city of Bangalore and 220 km from Hyderabad.

 Rainfall Data Collection

 Gulbarga district consists of 16174 sq. km of geographical area lies in the northern part of Karnataka
between 16'11 -17/45 N latitudes and 7603-7730 longitude. The south-west monsoon sets in the middle of
June and extends till end of September. Bulk of annual rainfall occurs during this season, which
constitutes over 75% rainfall. Significant rainfall occurs during the winter monsoon owing to the
northeastern monsoon, which constitutes 15% of the annual rainfall. Normal rainfall of the district is 761mm
and actual rainfall is 881.10mm.
 For the design of RWH, rainfall data is necessary. The more reliable and specific data for the location is
required. Data for a given area can be obtained at the meteorological departments, agricultural and
hydrological research centers and airports. The rainfall data for Basaveshwar hospital area is shown in
below table
Roof top area of Basaveshwar Hospital
Sl.No Roof top Area(m2)

1 C 722.02

2 A 1436.07

3 B 2278.87

4 D 449.43

5 E 1226.25

6 G 627.87

7 F 481.96

8 H 1308.19
Determination of Volume of Water

Volume of Water received (m3) = Area of catchment x Amount of rainfall x run off

coefficient

Total Catchment area (roof top) of BASAVESHWAR = 8530.66m2

Average Annual rainfall at BASAVESHWAR = 602.6mm

= 0.602 m/year

Run off Coeff = 0.85

Total Vol. of surface runoff supposed to be collected =

8530.66x 0.602 x 0.85

3
Diameter Velocity of Lateral Pipes
Sl.No Roof top Area(m2) Dia (mm) Velocity Discharge for 2 Proposed Dia(mm)
months

1 C 722.02 45.5 40.5 72.44 50

2 A 1436.07 87.7 21.6 144.08 90

3 B 2278.87 104.7 24.13 228.64 110

4 D 449.43 56.5 16.36 45.09 60

5 E 1226.25 82.6 20.79 123.03 90

6 G 627.87 64.1 17.72 62.99 70

7 F 481.96 58 16.63 48.36 60

8 H 1308.19 85 21.12 131.25 90

Total estimate of the rain water harvesting
system

Components Cost

Underground tank 4927056.262

Pipes 200000

Filtration unit 200000

Total 5327056.262

Grand total 5400000

 Cost Benefit

Daily water required 125000 liter per/day

Per Tanker capacity 12000 liters

Per Tanker cost Rupees 1,500

Per day 10 tanker is required 120000 liters per/day

Cost of 10 tanker 15000 per/day

Cost of tanker for one month 4,50,000

Water required for one month is 3802m3

Rainwater collected annual 4365.14m3/year

Total Construction Cost 54,00,000

As per the estimation analysis made the cost of the water storage tank, pipe, filter unit is 54 lakh rupees
Therefore the amount invested is recoverable in 12 years as per the water purchase in summer
 CONCLUSION

 The study of the project analysis showed that the Basaveshwar hospital requires 125m3 of water per day i.e. 3850m3/
month. The amount of water supplied by Municipal Corporation is 10m3 and by bore wall is 115m3.
 In summer seasons it is studied that the bore well were dried up and demand is fulfilled by purchasing the water
tankers.
 Rooftop rainwater harvesting provide average of 4365m3 of water per year. Since severe water scarcity prevails in
hospital, storage tank for one month demand is made in the project design. An additional soak pit is provided for peak
rainfall discharge.
 Design analysis for pipes and storage tank are made and also estimation of all infrastructure was which works out to be
Rs 54 lakhs
 The cost of procuring water from tanker is Rs 4,50,000 for one month. The cost of rain water harvesting storage
infrastructure requires Rs 54,00,000. The invested amount can be recovered in 12 years period.
 The water available from storage of rain harvested water is soft as compared to tanker water with hardness more than
600mg/l requires less treatment for drinking water thereby saving considerable amount.
 The water storage tank and rain water harvesting facility provided under the study will go a long way to solve the
severe water problem faced by the hospital in summer months for a life long period. Further the wasteful flow of runoff
is prevented by conserving the valuable rainwater and protecting the precious groundwater table which is necessary
for the sustainable development of the city.
 REFERENCES

 [1] Pawar C. B, & et.al, African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 9(25), pp. 1941-1947, 19 June, 2014. A
case study of rooftop rainwater harvesting of Renavi village in Sangli District of Western Maharashtra: New
approach of watershed development in India
 [2] Sambhaji D. Shinde ,& et.al , IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social
Sciences ISSN(E): 2321-8851; ISSN(P): 2347-4580 Vol. 4, Issue 5, May 2016 APPLICATION OF GIS FOR MAPPING
RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL: A CASE STUDY OF NIDHAL VILLAGE IN SATARA DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA,
INDIA
 [3] Anant D. Patel, & et.al. Rainwater Harvesting-A Case Study of Amba Township, Gandhinagar. National
Conference on “Transportation and Water resources Engineering” NCTWE-2015
 [4] C. J. Khilare, & et.al Rooftop Rain Water Harvesting Potential: A Case Study of Dahivadi College Building
and Campus in Man Tahsil of Satara District. Proceeding of International Conference SWRDM-2012
 [5] Mr. Satyajit R. Mahajan & et.al. Economic Aspects Of Rainwater Harvesting, A Case Study On D.Y.Patil
Knowledge City. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET). Volume: 03 Issue: 12 |
Dec -2016
 [6] Meda Kalyan Kumar, Design of rainwater harvesting system at Shilpa Hostel in JNTUA College of
Engineering Ananthapuramu: A case study from Southern India. International Journal of Engineering Research
and Development. Volume 11, Issue 12 (December 2015), PP.19-29
THANK YOU