DESIGN, FABRICATION, AND

INSTALLATION OF AN ENERGY
HARVESTING SPEED BUMP
Opiana, Paolo Salvador, Ken
Reodica,Clarenze Sadian, Denny
 ABSTRACT
The Energy Harvesting Speed Bump hopes that its performance as an energy
recovery system is feasible, economical, and environmental. This is an
effective speed limiter and at the same time, source of power that can be
installed in any private institutions and properties. The use of dc dynamos as
generators and the use of a gear drive as a speed increaser will be tested for
the conversion of potential and kinetic energies into electrical energy. The
parameters in this study were the output voltage, output current, output
power and angular speed of the dc dynamos. These will be the basis of the
project’s performance and efficiency to produce electrical power.
 WHAT IS A SPEED BUMP?
• Traffic control device
• Reduces the speed of vehicles
• Improves the flow of traffic
• Decreases vehicle collisions
 BUMP OR HUMP?

Bump Hump
Height 76 - 152 mm 76 - 90 mm
Travel Length 0.3 - 1 m 3.7 - 4.3 m
Speed Limit 8 kph or less about 32 kph
Use Private Public
 HOW DOES IT WORKS?

A vehicle that is
In order to slow down, This vehicle comes
approaching a speed
this vehicle uses its into contact with the
bump should slow
braking system speed bump
down

Transfer of kinetic
Kinetic Energy
Wasted mechanical energy from the
Recovery System
energy vehicle into the speed
(KERS)
bump
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study assesses the potential

capability of using speed bumps as an
energy recovery system for shopping malls,
parking lots, schools, subdivisions, and
other private institutions that involves traffic
control and road safety.
 MAIN OBJECTIVE

To design, fabricate, install, and

commission an energy harvesting speed
bump in DBTC, for educational purposes
 SUB OBJECTIVES
• To develop a device that is capable of harvesting kinetic energy
from speed bumps and then convert it to electric energy
• To ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians by installing a
traffic light system that will act as the load of the energy harvesting
speed bump.
• To test the energy harvesting speed bump design if it is capable of
supporting and absorbing the vehicles passing.
• To assess a viable techno-economic study that will establish a
concrete outcome of the study’s impact in the market.
• To provide data of the study’s impact in the environment through
carbon footprint analysis.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
• An exploratory work on kinetic energy recovery system (KERS).
• Generators to be used are 3 units of 24Vdc, 20W dc dynamo.
• Weight capacity the energy harvesting speed bump can hold ranges
from 800 kg to 5000 kg.
• The design is portable with an approximate gross weight of 140 kg.
• The dimensions of the speed bump are 2.54 m length, 0.50 m width,
0.10 m height, which is a standard size for speed bumps.
• The speed bump will store the energy produced in three 6V lead acid
batteries. One for each dynamo.
 SIGNIFICANCE
• Serves as a teaching aid for Mechanical Engineering courses and
other related courses.
• Provides an alternative way of recovering waste kinetic energy of
vehicles passing a speed bump.
• Develops the building capability of harvesting waste kinetic energy.
• Widens the field of DBTC mechanical engineering department.
• Maintains the speed limit in the area where vehicles pass by.
• Transforms daily waste mechanical energy to electrical energy that
can be used as an alternative source of energy.
RELATED LITERATURES
Chapter II
 ENERGY HARNESSING SPEED HUMP
The focus of this project is to collect
energy from a vehicle passing over a
speed hump and to use this energy for
powering devices such as the following:
lighting in a parking lot, garage doors in
residential spaces, and toll booth gates.
This system includes a series of plates, and
each plate displaces a pair of pistons
containing hydraulic fluid. This fluid is forced
into another piston acting as a two-way
hydraulic cylinder. One side of the cylinder
contains hydraulic fluid and the other side
contains air. The side that contains air is
connected to a pneumatic pressure vessel.
This stores the compressed air .The stored air
creates electrical energy via a pneumatic-
electrical generator.
SPEED BUMP WITH PIEZOELECTRIC CANTILEVER
SYSTEM AS ELECTRICAL ENERGY HARVESTER
Due to its nature of being run over by
oncoming vehicles, speed bumps have
a great potential to harvest the
mechanical energy at each run. In
order to do so, this study equipped a
speed bump with spring module,
cantilever with piezoelectric module,
and electrical energy converter circuit.
 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF KINETIC
ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM IN BICYCLES

• When riding a bicycle, a great

amount of kinetic energy is lost while
braking. Here we used mechanical
kinetic energy recovery system by
means of a flywheel to store the
energy which is normally lost during
braking. The rider can charge the
flywheel when slowing or
descending a hill and boost the bike
when accelerating or climbing a hill.
 MODERN TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES TO
IMPROVE SAFETY AT RURAL INTERSECTIONS
• Engineers with the Texas Department
of Transportation frequently make
changes to traffic control devices to
improve intersection safety. The goal
of this project was to obtain a better
understanding of modern TCD
capabilities. Adding flashing lights to
signs, either through beacons or
embedded LEDs, serves two purposes:
to attract attention and to convey a
message.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND FRAMEWORK
Chapter III
 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
CAR SPEED RACK AND
LOAD BUMP PINION

BRIDGE
DC DYNAMO GEAR DRIVE
RECTIFIER

LOAD
CAR
(TRAFFIC LIGHT
BATTERY
SYSTEM)
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Road safety Speed Bump as
INPUT

OUTPUT
PROCESS
device medium for KERS
Design Speed Bump
Teaching Aid Standards
Energy
Instrumentation Modelled after Harvesting Speed
ME Courses Bump
Environmental
Impact Features Sensors
Techno Carbon Footprint
economical Resources
viability Availability
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• DC Dynamo • Speed Bump
• Generator Specifications: Specifications:
• Total Power: 20 W
• Traverse Width: 0.5 m
• Full Continuous Speed: 150 rpm • Height Clearance: 0.10 m
• Computations: • Total Length: 2.54 m
• Torque Requirement Per Dynamo: • Working Load: 800 kg
𝑛 • Maximum Load: 5000 kg
• 𝑃 = 2𝜋𝑇
60
• 𝑇 = 1.27 𝑁 − 𝑚
Torque:

• 𝑇 = 𝑁∗𝑣 Where: v = 0.0762 m/s,

N = 800 kg
• 𝑇 = 60.96 𝑁 − 𝑚
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
• Spring Sizing Gear Drive
Gear Specifications:
Spring Specifications:
N1 = 105 T
• Spring Constant: 12 N/mm
N2 = 98 T
• Wire Diameter: 7 mm Gear Ratio:
• Total Length: 304.8 mm 𝑁1
• Inner Diameter: 50.8 mm 𝑉𝑅 =
𝑁2
Installed Force: 𝑉𝑅 = 1.07
Input Speed:
• 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥 Where: x = 25.4 mm 𝜋𝑑𝑛
• 𝐹 = 304.8 N 𝑣 = 60 Where: v = 0.0762 m/s, d = 0.0508 m
𝑛 = 28.65 𝑟𝑝𝑚
Compressed Force:
Output Speed:
• 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥 Where: x = 76.2 mm 𝑛2 = 𝑉𝑅 ∗ 𝑛1
• 𝐹 = 914.4 N 𝑛2 = 30.7 𝑟𝑝𝑚
METHODOLOGY
Chapter IV
 RESEARCH DESIGN
To be able to accomplish the objectives of the study, the group aims to
execute an experimental method of research to be able to know the
performance, efficiency, and durability of the energy harvesting speed bump.
Aside from the speed bump, a medium will also be used as loads, which are
traffic and pedestrian lights, which will also be under the experimental
research method. Moreover, descriptive research method will be followed for
data interpretation, and come up with a conclusion that may be a basis for
recommendations and future studies such as choosing alternatives for the
generator to be used and choosing the load application for one’s interest.
 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The group will analyze the possible locations within the campus where
most cars pass through. Aside from the vehicles, number of pedestrians will
also be considered since the speed bump is equipped with a traffic and
pedestrian light. The power consumption of the traffic light system will be
measured, which will be the basis of the battery sizing and also time duration
required for the experiment.

For simulation, coding, and data gathering, the following programs will
be used, SOLIDWORKS, Arduino IDE, and Microsoft Excel with PLX-DAQ,
respectively.
DESIGN MODELS AND FINISHED PRODUCT
SPEED BUMP/POWERHOUSE
FULL ASSEMBLY
FINISHED PRODUCT: SPEED BUMP
FINISHED PRODUCT: POWERHOUSE
FINISHED PRODUCT: FULL ASSEMBLY
TRAFFIC LIGHT SYSTEM
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

6V
FINISHED PRODUCT: TRAFFIC LIGHT SYSTEM
With Flash Without Flash
 CHOSEN LOCATION
Entrance under the College Building
 EXPERIMENT SET-UP
1. Isometric view of the Energy
Harvesting Speed Bump on the
location
2. Rear section of the delivery truck
crossing
3. Front section of the delivery truck
before crossing
4. Perspective view of the Energy
Harvesting Speed Bump on the
location
5. First cross of DBTC Personal Van
6. DBTC Personal Van before crossing
ANALYSIS OF DATA
Chapter V
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
• For the environmental impact of the energy harvesting speed bump,
SOLIDWORKS Sustainability is used. This is based on a 5-year sustainability
analysis. The data gathered from SOLIDWORKS are the environmental
impact of the whole project and the top ten (10) components that
contribute most to the environmental impact.
 DATA GATHERING
The location chosen by the group is the entrance under the college
building. This location is near the digital multimedia room and the former
registrar’s office. The following parameters will be the basis of the experiment:

*Number of Vehicles passing

*DC Dynamo angular speed
*Voltage Output of the DC Dynamos
*Current Output of the DC Dynamos
*Overall Power Produced of the DC Dynamos
 BATTERY SIZING
The current measured at standby is 0.24 A and while
working, which is when pressed, is 0.30 A while the voltage is
12.65 V. Based on the measured variables, the power
consumption of the traffic light system is between 3.04 and
3.80 W. Assuming Maximum Consumption for a 2-shift working
hours (16 hours), the power consumption is 60.8 W-h and
using a 6 V battery, the battery capacity is 10.13 Ah. Based
on battery standards, the nearest battery size to be used will
be 3 units of a Lead Acid 6V, 4 Ah Motorcycle Battery.
DYNAMO ORIENTATION
COMMISSIONING
 Dynamo 1
Max Voltage 28.36 V
Max Current 0.40 A
Max Power 6.83 W
DATA SUMMARY
Total Power Produced 39.15 W-h
Ampere Hour 6.53 Ah
Number of Vehicles Dynamo 2
42 Max Voltage 26.2 V
Passed
Max Current 0.60 A
Maximum Angular Max Power 9.80 W
4085 rpm
Speed Total Power Produced 34.37 W-h
Dynamo 1 Ampere Hour 5.73 Ah
Max Voltage 28.36 V Dynamo 3
Max Voltage 28.36 V
Max Current 0.40 A
Max Current 0.08 A
Max Power 6.83 W Max Power 2.12 W
Total Power Produced 39.15 W-h Total Power Produced 22.34 W-h
Ampere Hour 6.53 Ah Ampere Hour 3.72 Ah
Dynamo 2
 INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Based on the results, the type of the vehicle does not
have any effect on the power production as long as the
weight required, which starts at 800 kg, is satisfied. Based on
the group’s observation, the major factor that greatly affects
the generation of power is the vehicle speed. Too fast
produces less power, same with too slow. For higher
performance, the ideal vehicle speed is around 5-7 kph,
which is also the standard cruising speed for private
institutions.
 Steel Tube ₱100.00 4 ₱400.00
Rectangular Tube ₱700.00 1 ₱700.00
Dynamo ₱960.00 3 ₱2,880.00
Spring ₱800.00 4 ₱3,200.00
Rack and Pinion ₱4,800.00 1 ₱4,800.00
105T Teeth ₱1,200.00 1 ₱1,200.00

TECHNO ECONOMIC STUDY

98T Teeth ₱1,000.00 3 ₱3,000.00
Welding Road (per kg) ₱110.00 7 ₱770.00
1.25in Nut ₱89.00 4 ₱356.00
6V, 4Ah Lead Acid Battery ₱250.00 3 ₱750.00
Paint (per can) ₱65.00 2 ₱130.00
Fixed Cost Electronics (Traffic Light System) ₱3,055.00 1 ₱3,055.00
Description Unit Price Quantity Total Price Miscellaneous ₱5,000.00 1 ₱5,000.00
Steel Plate ₱300.00 2 ₱600.00 Total: ₱35,521.00
Steel Rod ₱750.00 4 ₱3,000.00
12mm Rebar ₱277.00 12 ₱3,324.00 Maintenance Cost
10mm Rebar ₱172.00 3 ₱516.00
Item Price Price per hour
50x50mm Angle Bar ₱920.00 2 ₱1,840.00
Grease 60 ₱0.02 every 4 months
Steel Tube ₱100.00 4 ₱400.00
Paint 130 ₱0.02 every 8 months
Rectangular Tube ₱700.00 1 ₱700.00
Price per kW-h ₱3.15
Dynamo ₱960.00 3 ₱2,880.00
Spring ₱800.00 4 ₱3,200.00
Annual Price
Rack and Pinion ₱4,800.00 1 ₱4,800.00
Meralco Rate (May 2018) ₱10.00 PHP/kWh
105T Teeth ₱1,200.00 1 ₱1,200.00
Income ₱8,401.07
98T Teeth ₱1,000.00 3 ₱3,000.00
Expenses ₱2,643.95
Welding Road (per kg) ₱110.00 7 ₱770.00
Savings ₱5,757.12
1.25in Nut ₱89.00 4 ₱356.00
Return of Income 6.17 Years
6V, 4Ah Lead Acid Battery ₱250.00 3 ₱750.00
Paint (per can) ₱65.00 2 ₱130.00
Electronics (Traffic Light System) ₱3,055.00 1 ₱3,055.00
Miscellaneous ₱5,000.00 1 ₱5,000.00
Total: ₱35,521.00

Maintenance Cost
Item Price Price per hour
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Chapter VI
 CONCLUSIONS
The design of the energy harvesting speed bump is durable, with a load
capacity range of 800 – 5000 kg and is tested based on the Class 2B heavy duty
vehicles and light duty trucks 4 that crossed. The performance of the energy
harvesting speed bump satisfies the demand of the traffic light system with an excess
of 25% reserve capacity. The acting load, which is the traffic light system also satisfies
the pedestrian when crossing with a working push button that controls the pedestrian
from going green, which promotes road safety. For the techno economic study, the
energy harvesting speed bump is also acceptable with an annual savings of PHP 5,
757.12 and a 6.17 years return of income. For the environmental impact, the energy
harvesting speed bump has a total of 2400 kg for 5 years or 480 kg per year of carbon
dioxide that were contributed by the materials, manufacturing, transportation, and
end of life of the device. This is acceptable since the preferred emission is less than
1000 kg annually.
Overall, the energy harvesting speed bump is both efficient and feasible for
the chosen load, which is the traffic light system.
 RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Selecting a generator with higher power rating when applying a
load higher than the traffic light system used by the group.
2. Using flywheel and a ratchet mechanism for higher brake efficiency
and more continuous rotation.
3. Installation of another powerhouse on the other end side of the
speed bump for higher performance.
4. Longer bump length for two-way lanes to increase the vehicles
passing.
5. Exploration of other mechanical drives such as belt and chain for
easier mounting and alignment.
6. Using high friction matting with respect to the road surface for
slippage prevention.
 REFERENCES
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e7bc/84ed9b383b86c37980c82ff05d7bd3bbfff9.pdf
https://msse.gatech.edu/me4041/project/ME4041_finalreport_DD_CY_AH.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304936760_Electric_Power_Generation_by
_Speed_Breaker_Generators
https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1876610215009601/1-s2.0-S1876610215009601-
main.pdf?_tid=8c43cd48-e0f0-11e7-b506-
00000aacb361&acdnat=1513271129_17c02f2bd8f24cd866b669ec4f7ce54d
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/institute-of-electrical-and-electronics-
engineers/speed-bump-with-piezoelectric-cantilever-system-as-electrical-energy-
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https://www.lazada.com.ph/products/dc-generator-wind-dynamo-hydraulic-test-
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