Milling Machine.

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NOTES | QUESTION PAPERS 1
 Milling is a metal cutting operation in
which the work is progressively moved
towards a rotating cutter for material
removal process.
 Milling cutter is a multipoint cutting

tool.
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 A milling machine is a power operated
machine tool in which the work piece is
mounted on moving table is machined
to various shapes when moved under a
slow revolving cutter.
 Work piece is fed against a milling

cutter.
 Metal is removed in the form of chips
by using a rotating multiple teeth
milling cutter.
 Milling process is used for producing

flat, contoured or helical surfaces for
toothed gears, slots, etc.
 The workpiece is mounted on the table can be fed either in
the direction opposite to that of rotating cutter or in the
same direction of the cutter.
 Classification
 Conventional or up milling.
 Climb or down milling.

 Work piece
advances against the
rotating cutter.
 Chips are
progressively
thicker.

 Work piece is fed in
the same direction
as that of the cutter
tooth.
 Cutter enters top of
the work piece and
removes the chip
that gets
progressively
thinner.
Up milling Down milling
 Work piece is fed in  Work piece is fed in same
opposite direction of that direction of that of cutter.
of cutter.  Chips are progressively
 Chips are progressively thinner.
thicker.  Strong clamping is not
 Strong clamping is required since the cutting
required since the cutting force is directed
force is directed upwards downwards and keeps
and tends to lift the work work piece pressed to
piece. table.
 Poor surface finish and  Good surface finish and
used for hard materials. used for soft materials.
Milling machine can be broadly classified into :
1. Plain or horizontal type of milling machine
2. Vertical milling machine
3. Universal milling machine
4. Planer type milling machine
5. Profile cutting milling machine

 Base
 Column
 Arbor
YOKE
 Knee
 Saddle
 Table
 Over arm

 Base – it is a hollow cast iron structure which forms
the foundation of machine on which other parts are
mounted.
 Column – houses main drive, transmission system,
spindle. It is provided with vertical guide square or
dovetail to accommodate knee.
 Knee – mounted on vertical guide of column moved up
or down by an elevating screw.

YOKE

 Saddle – mounted on knee which slides on it by
operating cross feed handle.
 Table – mounted on top of saddle with a dovetail fit.
Table slides perpendicular to the axis of saddle
movement.
 Arbor – shaft which carries the cutter with its other
end supported by yoke.

YOKE

 Over arm – mounted on top of column. Supports the
free end of arbor through yoke.
 Working
 Work piece is mounted directly on
table using machine vice.
 Cutter of required shape and size are
mounted over the arbor which is
driven by spindle.
 Feed in all 3 axis can be given by using knee elevating
handle, cross slide handle, table movement handle.

YOKE

 Base and
column
 Spindle
head

 Base and column – base is the foundation for the
machine and column is the vertical part houses motor,
transmission system.
 Spindle head – mounted on front face of the column at

the top. It has a vertical spindle run by motor to which
milling tool is fitted to end.

 Working
 Work piece is mounted on table and
cutter is mounted on vertical spindle.
 Feed is given by movement of saddle
and table and also vertical movement
of tool.

 Plain milling
 End milling
 Slot milling
 Angular milling
 Form milling
 Straddle milling
 Gang milling

 Process used to mill flat
surfaces of the work
piece.
 Milling cutter axis is
parallel to the surface
that is being milled.

 Process of milling that is
used to mill slots,
pockets and keyways.
 Axis of milling cutter is
perpendicular to the
surface of the work piece.

 Cutter tool – “slot drill”
 Axis of spindle is
horizontal or parallel to
surface of work.
 To produce rectangular
slots, T-slots, dovetail
slots.

 To produce angular
surfaces like dovetail,
grooves and chamfers.
 Surface of slot is neither
parallel nor
perpendicular to the
milling cutter axis.

 This is a process used to
machine special forms /
contours consisting of
curves.
 “form milling cutter” is
the cutting tool which is
shaped exactly to the
contour to be milled.

 Used to machine two
parallel vertical surfaces
at a single time.
 It has two cutters
mounted parallel on the
arbor separated by a
calculated spacing.
 Also used to mill sides of
hexagon.

 Gang milling is the
term applied to an
operation in which two
or more milling cutters
are used together on one
arbor when cutting
horizontal surfaces.

 Clamping area – area of
the work table where
the jobs are to be
clamped.
 Longitudinal movement
(mm) – this is the
distance along the X –
axis by which the table
along with the job
moves longitudinally.

 Transverse
movement (mm) –
distance along Y-
axis by which the
table travels in
traverse direction.
 Speed – speed of
the spindle rotation
( rpm)
 Power of milling
spindle motor –
power capacity of
motor of spindle.
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Milling Machine.

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com | Website for Students | VTU

 Milling cutter is a multipoint cutting

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

 Work piece is fed against a milling

 Milling process is used for producing

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

2. Vertical milling machine

3. Universal milling machine

4. Planer type milling machine

5. Profile cutting milling machine

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

 Spindle head – mounted on front face of the column at

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

www.bookspar.com | Website for Students | VTU

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