Objective: Represent and identify function.

The following statements will tell how relations and functions

are the same and how they are different.
1. A rule that relates values from a set of values to a second
set of values.
2. The elements of the domain can be imagined as input to a
machine that applies a rule so that each input
corresponds to only one output.
3. A set of ordered pairs (x,y) such that no two ordered
pairs have the same x-value but different y-values.
4. A set of ordered pairs (x,y).
5. The elements of the domain can be imagined as input to a
machine that applies a rule to these inputs to generate
one or more outputs.
6. It is where each element in the domain is related to only
one value in the range by some rule.
 Relations
A relation is a rule that relates
values from a set of values
(called the domain) to a second
set of values (called the range).
The elements of the domain can
be imagined as input to a
machine that applies a rule to
these inputs to generate one or
more outputs.
A relation is also a set of ordered pairs have the same x-value but
pairs (x,y).
Functions
A function is where each element in
the domain is related to only one
value in the range by some rule.
The elements of the domain can be
imagined as input to a machine that
applies a rule so that each input
corresponds to only one output.
A function is a set of ordered pairs
(x,y) such that no two ordered
different y-values.
 According to the textbook,
“a function is…a relation in which
every input is paired with exactly
one output”

More about Function…

 Machine
 Ordered pairs
 Table of values
 Mapping diagrams
 Equation
 Graph
 Real life situation
{(0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 0)}

What is the domain?

{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
What is the range?
{-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0}
Focus on the x-coordinates,

If the set of ordered pairs have different

x-coordinates, it is a function

If the set of ordered pairs have same

x-coordinates, it is NOT a function

•y-coordinates have no bearing in determining

functions
{(0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 0)}

•Is this a function?

•Hint: Look only at the x-coordinates

YES
{(–1, 7), (1, 0), (2, 3), (0, 8), (0, 5), (–2, 1)}

•Is this a function?

•Hint: Look only at the x-coordinates

NO
Example 1

x y x y
1 6 1 6
2 7 2 7
Not a Function Function
 Which mapping represents a function?

Choice One Choice Two

3 –1 2 2
1 2 –1 3
0 3 3 –2
0

Choice 1
 Which mapping represents a function?

A. B.

B
 y = 2x
x-y chart mapping
x y input output

-2 -4 -2 -4
-1 -2 -1 -2
0 0 0 0
1 2 1 2
2 4 2 4
Function
f(x) means function of x and is read “f of x.”
f(x) = 2x + 1 is written in function notation.

The notation f(1) means to replace x with

1 resulting in the function value.
f(1) = 2x + 1
f(1) = 2(1) + 1
f(1) = 3
 Function Notation
y  2x  3 f (x)  2x  3
when x  1, y  5 f (1)  5
when x  2, y  7 f (2)  7
when x  3, y  9 f (3)  9
when x  4, y 11 f (4)  11
f ( 4)  5
A relation is a function if the vertical line intersects
or passes through its graph in only one point.
Conversely, a relation is not a function if the
vertical line intersects or passes through its graph
in two or more points.
Would this
graph be a
function?

YES
Would this
graph be a
function?

NO
 Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function

y y y y

x x x x
 Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function

y y y y

x x x x
 Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a

Function
y y y y

x x x x
 Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a Function

Function
y y y y

x x x x
 Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a Function

Function
y y y y

x x x x

Not a Function Not a Not a

Function Function Function
 The amount of money a worker
makes is a function of how many
hours he works.
 Set x consists of four students
and set y consists of their grades,
respectively, in a certain test in
Algebra.
 Which situation represents a function?

a. The items in a store to their prices on a

certain date
b. Types of fruits to their colors

There is only one price for A fruit, such as an apple, from

each different item on a the domain would be
certain date. The relation from associated with more than
items to price makes it a one color, such as red and
function. green. The relation from types
of fruits to their colors is not a
function.
1. Suppose that a set of ordered pairs has no
elements having the same first coordinates.
Such a set is called ______________.
2. A method of determining whether or not a
graph represents a function is called the
______________.
3. The symbol f(x) is read as ______________.
4. For the function 3,4 , 6,0 , (−3, −1) , the set
3,6, −3 is called the _______________ and
5. the set 4,0, −1 is called the _______________.