Simple Past Tense

Used to talk about activities or situations

that began and ended in the past.

Digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas

yang sepenuhnya terjadi di masa lampau
 Pronoun (Kata ganti)

– Singular – To be
a. He
a. was /did
b. She
b. was/did
c. It
c. was/did
d. I
d. was / did
e. They
e. were / did
f. We f. were/did
g. you g. were/did
 Pola kalimat Verba:
kalimat yang predikatnya
menggunakan kata kerja.
(+) Subject + VERB II + Object + Complement

– We learned about grammar last week

(-) Subject + did + not + VERB 1 + Object

– We did not learn about grammar last week

(?) Did + Subject + VERB 1 + Object

Did we learn about grammar last week?
(?) Wh- questions*
Pola kalimat
Nomina
(+) Subject + to be (was/were) +
kalimat yang predikatnya bukan
Subject Complement
kata kerja
– You were here last week
(-) Subject + to be (was/were) + not +
complement
– You were not here last week

(?) was/were + Subject + complement

– Were you there last week?
(?) wh-questions + was/were + subject +
complement
Spelling rules:
• Ends in –e, add –d for the past form (of regular verb)
o Hope  hoped Injure  injured
• Consonant + y, change –y to –i and add –ed
o Cry  Cried Reply  replied
• Vowel + y, keep the –y, and add –ed
o Pray  Prayed try  tried
• Ends in –ie, add –d
o Die  died tie  tied
 Spelling rules:
• Verbs that end in a vowel and a consonant.
• One-syllable verbs
• 1 vowel, double the consonants; Stop  stopped, rob  robbed
• 2 vowels, only one consonant; rain  rained, dream  dreamed
• Two-syllable verbs
• 1st syllable stressed  1 consonant; listen  listened, open  opened
• 2nd syllable stressed  2 consonants; prefer  preferred, control  controlled
EXERCISE:
SIMPLE PAST TENSE (KALIMAT VERBA)

1. It_____ (develop) largely after the World

War II
2. After the Second World War many colonized
territories___ (become) independent.
3. He____ (pay) his bill last month.
4. During the long-weekend holiday in
December 1983. Bali Beach hotel___(make)
a profit of thousands of US dollars.
5. At that time, other smaller hotels
also___(get) a share of the profit.
 PAST PROGRESIVE/CONTINUOUS
TENSE
– Express an activity that was in progress at
point of time in the past or at a time of
another action

– kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan

aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu
yang lalu atau terjadi bersamaan dengan
aktivitas lain di masa lampau.
 Past progressive
(+) Subject + to be (was/were) + VERB+ ing + O +
complement
I was lecturing at this time yesterday
She was sleeping when the phone rang
(-) Subject + to be (was/were) + not + VERB + ing +
+ complement
– Mom wasn’t cooking dinner when we arrived
(?) To be (was, were) + subject + VERB + ing + O +Comp
 EXERCISES
Use the words in brackets to make
sentences.

1. (Ann/write/a business letter)

2. (Carol and Dennis/have/dinner)
3. (Tom/make/a phone call)
 NEXT WEEK:
Assignments
1. The manager____ (study – present progressive tense) your
proposal.
2. New employees____ (need – present tense) some assistance.
3. Although the labor market____ (be- present tense) highly
competitive, there___ (be-present tense) hope for the young
people.
4. Both applicants____ (have- present tense) some sales
experiences.
5. Amin____ (attend – present progressive tense) a seminar.
6. An accountant_____(rent-past tense) the other office in
Jakarta.
7. He_____ (do-past tense) most of the work himself.
8. They______ (go-past progressive) with him to Bali.