A Seminar Presentation on

REMOTE SENSING AND CONTROL OF AN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

USING A DISTRIBUTED WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
by
A.SUSHMA
Roll No. 16121A0206

under the guidance of

Mr. A. MUNI SANKAR, M.Tech.,[Ph.D]
Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(AUTONOMOUS)
A. RANGAMPET, TIRUPATI – 517 102
(2018 –2019)
contents
 Objective
 Introduction
 Literature survey
 Definition of problem
 System configuration
 Case study
 Case study summary
 Merits and demerits
 Applications
 Conclusions
 References 1
 Objective

The seminar presents

 Control of an irrigation system with in-field wireless sensor network

 Case Study on implementation of a user friendly software for real-

time in-field sensing and control of variable rate irrigation system.

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 Introduction
 In semi arid and arid areas due to dry land and less rainfall ,irrigation system is
practiced in agricultural cropping systems.

 Many irrigation systems like drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation are used in present
irrigation system.

 Self-propelled center pivot and linear move irrigation systems apply water to the field
uniformly irrespective of soil properties and water level , so large amount of water and
power is wasted.

 so irrigation control using wireless sensor network is introduced , in this system all the
soil properties , water level and other properties like temperature ,humidity are
measured using sensors and wirelessly transmitted to base station and from there
irrigation is controlled.
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Literature survey
 Several researchers have investigated the potential use of feedback from
wireless in-field sensing systems to control variable-rate irrigation system , but
few have fully integrated these systems.
 Miranda [2] used a closed-loop irrigation system and determined irrigation
amount based on distributed soil water measurements.
 Wall and king [3] explored designs for smart soil moisture sensors and
sprinkler valve controllers to implement plug -and- play technology and
proposed architectures of distributed wireless sensor network for site-specific
irrigation automation.
 Perry [4] compared the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation with and without
cycling on and off and indicated that sprinklers cycling for variable-rate
water application had no effect on uniformity.

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Problem definition

 A hard wired system from in-field sensing stations to a base station takes
extensive time and costs to install and maintain.

 It may not be feasible to hard wire the system for long distances , and it may
not be acceptable to growers because it can interface with normal farming
operations.

 A wireless data communication system can provide dynamic mobility and

cost free relocation.

 Bluetooth technology is used in this system for wireless data communication.

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System Configuration

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Fig.1 system layout
System Configuration

 This system consists of in-field sensing stations distributed across the field, an
irrigation control system ,and a base station.

 The in-field sensing stations monitor the field condition of soil moisture ,soil
temperature .

 Weather station monitors air temperature , relative humidity , precipitation ,

wind speed ,wind direction and solar radiation . All in-field sensory data is
wirelessly transmitted to base station

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 System Configuration
1.Site specific field configuration

 The optimal distribution of the in-field sensing stations is

determined on the basis of spatial soil variability.

 Apparent soil electrical conductivity ( Eca ) is used to map the

field for its variability.
Fig.2 soil profiler
 It is an indicator of water holding capacity and salinity.

 It also indicates the percentage of sand ,clay and organic matter.

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System Configuration
2.In-field sensing stations
Data logging
 Temperature probe
 Humidity probe

Fig.3 Temperature probe

Wireless data communication
 Bluetooth technology

Power management
 Standby mode draws power to
maintain signal.
 Active mode draws more power to
execute signal transmission.
 Batteries and solar panels.

Fig.4 humidity probe 9

System Configuration
3.Irrigation control system
 plot design
 Linear-move irrigation system
• Uses MESA and LEPA heads to
water the plants.
Fig.5 MESA
 Positioning system
 Variable rate sprinkler control
 plc

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Fig.6 LEPA
System Configuration
4.Base station
Bluetooth communication
Software design for wireless in-field
sensing and control

Fig.7 Base station 11

Flowchart of WISC software

Fig.8
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case study
 An experiment was conducted on a small field at the Eastern
agricultural research center ,Montana state university ,
Sidney during winter of 2005.
 Five in-field stations were installed based on soil properties
measured using soil profiler as shown in fig.9
 An in-field weather station was also mounted on linear
irrigation cart .
 The Bluetooth radio antenna is placed from 50 cm to 150 cm
height .
 The base station received data and displayed field condition
Fig.9 soil profiler and in-field
using software shown in fig.10
wireless sensor network topology
 All in-field sensory data were scanned every 10 s ,stored and
wirelessly transmitted to base station every 15 min.

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case study

Fig.10 display of continuous monitoring of 14

in-field sensing stations
 The real time monitoring and control of the
variable rate irrigation system was
implemented by WISC software.
 As shown in fig.11 WISC software displayed two
dialog screens control panel and real-time
GPS-based irrigation control and monitoring
 30 sprinkler outputs to plc in 4B
 Activation of MESA and LEPA heads
 Plots on display are sugar beet or barley, light
blue for MESA and green for LEPA
 Current location of irrigation cart is in red
square along top edge of field
 MESA and LEPA plots are in dark blue and
dark green
 Cart moves at 3cm/s Fig.11 Display of WISC software for real-time irrigation
control and monitoring 15
Case study summary
 This case study provided extensive details for the wireless communication
interface of sensors from five in-field sensor stations and for a plc from a
control station to computer at base station.

 Bluetooth wireless technology is used which reduces time and cost

 Stable wireless signal connection is achieved by proper power management

circuits and antennas.

 The development of WISC software provided real-time remote monitoring

and control of variable rate irrigation .

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Merits
 Increased yield and quality
 Efficient usage of water and energy resources
 Requires less man power
 Easy to access real-time information
 Detects water level and soil properties

Demerits
 Wireless sensor network is not secure
 Hackers can easily hack the network
 Distraction
 Battery issue

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Applications

 Real-time field monitoring

 Automated irrigation control
 Remote operation of machinery

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conclusions

This seminar provides

 a software for real-time remote monitoring and control of control of
variable rate irrigation
 continued decision making of mission planning for automated closed loop
irrigation system
 Applications of Bluetooth wireless technology in agricultural systems

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References

 [1] Yunseop Kim, Member, IEEE, Robert G. Evans, and William M. Iversen,
“Remote Sensing and Control of an Irrigation System Using a Distributed
Wireless Sensor Network” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND
MEASUREMENT, VOL. 57, NO. 7, JULY 2008
 [2] F. R. Miranda, R. Yoder, and J. B. Wilkerson, “A site-specific irrigation
control system,” presented at the ASAE annul. Int. Meeting, Las Vegas,
NV,27-30 Jul 2003
 [3] R. W. Wall and B. A. King, “Incorporating plug and play technology into
measurement and control systems for irrigation management,” presented at
the ASAE/CSAE annul. Int. Meeting, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1-4 Aug2004
 [4] C. D. Perry, M. D. Dukes, and K. A. Harrison, “Effects of variable-rate
sprinkler cycling on irrigation uniformity,” presented at the ASAE/CSAE annul.
Int. Meeting, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1-4 Aug 2004

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ANY QUERIES??
Thank you