Field Effect Transistors

Submitted BY:
Submitted To: Ma’am Farwah Jawad sadiq (14-Arid-3614)
Shahzaib Hafeez (14-Arid-3665)
Hamza Shahid Ali( 14-Arid-3606)
Jhanzaib Hafeez (14-Arid-3653)
Luqman (14-Arid-3654)
Outline:
• Family Tree of FET.
• MOSFET.
• Depletion MOSFET.
• Enhancement MOSFET.
• Practical working.
• Applications.
Family Tree of Field Effect Transistor
Family of FET’s:
The family of FET’s divide into:

1. Junction Field Effect Transistor(JFET’s)

2. Depletion-Mode Metal Oxide Semiconductor
FET’s(D-MOSFET)
3. Enhance-Mode Metal Oxide Semiconductor
FET’s(E-MOSFET)
 Remember JFET’s Definition:
JFET is a unipolar-transistor, which acts as a voltage controlled
current device and is a device in which current at two electrodes
is controlled by the action of an electric field at a reversed
biased p-n junction.

Note:
All FETs can be called unipolar devices because the charge
carriers that carry the current through the device are all of the
same type i.e. either holes or electrons, but not both. This
distinguishes FETs from the bipolar devices in which both holes
and electrons are responsible for current flow in any one device.
MOSFET Definition:
A field-effect transistor in which there is a thin
layer of silicon oxide between the gate and the
Channel.
Construction:
D-MOSFET Definition:
In a depletion-mode MOSFET, the device is
normally ON at zero gate–source voltage. The
channel is already build in.
D MOSFET Symbol:
a) N Channel D-MOSFET b)P Channel D-MOSFET

The arrow in the middle of the symbol (called the bulk) defines whether the
MOSFET is n-channel or p-channel. If the arrow is pointing in means it’s a n-
channel MOSFET, and if it’s pointing out it’s a p-channel.
N-Channel D-Mode MOSFET Circuit:

a) When gate is negative. b) when gate is positive.

 Difference
D MOSFET with negative gate
• More negative the gate
voltage, the smaller the drain
current.
• Drain current becomes cut
off.
• The electrons flows through
the narrow channel.
• Operation of the D
MOSFET is similar to JFET
when Vgs is negative.
D MOSFET with positive gate
• Positivegate voltage
increases number of free
electrons .
• More positive the gate
voltage, there will be greater
flow of free electrons from
source to drain.
Graphs:
Drain Curves Trans-conductance curve
P-Channel D-MOSFET Circuits

Source Drain

Gate

p+ p+

N-type substrate
E-Mode MOSFET’s Definition:
Channel will be enhanced in this type of MOSFET. It is normally
off at Vgs=0.

Symbols:

N-Channel E-MOSFET P-Channel E-MOSFET

Operation of n-Type Channel Device:

When VGS =0 then n-

channel is not present &
channel width enhances
with +VGS.
Circuits:

N-Channel E-MOSFET P-Channel E-MOSFET

(Normally off at Vgs=0) (Normally off at Vgs=0)
 Differences
N-Channel E-MOSFET P-Channel E-MOSFET

• There is a pair of small n-type • There are a pair of small n-type

regions just under the drain & regions just under the drain & source
source electrodes. electrodes.
• If apply a +ive voltage to gate, will • If apply a -ive voltage to gate, will
push away the ‘electrons’ inside the n-
push away the ‘holes’ inside the p-
type substrate and attracts the wholes
type substrate and attracts the between the p-type regions under the
moveable electrons between the n- source & drain electrodes.
type regions under the source &
drain electrodes.
• Increasing the +ive gate voltage
pushes the p-type holes further
away and enlarges the thickness of
the created channel.
• As a result increases the amount
of current which can go from
source to drain.
Note:
Note that with a n-channel device we apply a +ve
gate voltage to allow source-drain current, with a p-
channel device we apply a -ve gate voltage.
Graph of N-Channel E-MOSFET:
MOSFET type VGS = +ve VGS = 0 VGS = -ve

N-Channel Depletion ON ON OFF

N-Channel Enhancement ON OFF OFF

P-Channel Depletion OFF ON ON

P-Channel Enhancement OFF OFF ON

Practical working
Applications of MOSFET
International Rectifier (IR) has
introduced the company’s first
dedicated family of automotive
qualified MOSFETs for applications
requiring low on-state resistance
(RDS(on)), including Electric Power
Steering (EPS), Integrated Starter
Alternator (ISA) pump and motor
control, DC-DC conversion, battery
switch, and other heavy loads on
Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
and hybrid vehicle platforms.
Example Power MOSFET Applications.
Almost all electronics and appliances, including personal computers,
contain millions of silicon MOSFETs on a thumbnail sized chip

• Heatsink and cooling: Within a

computer most MOSFETs are
located on the microprocessor chip,
mounted on the motherboard and
conspicuously cooled by its own
heat sink and cooling fan
• Microprocessor chip: The
microprocessor chip itself is
mounted in an electronic package
with hundreds of interconnecting
pins and connected to the chip by
hundreds of tiny bond wires
 Thanks
Any Question???