Friction

Presented by :-
Yogesh Ranjan
id no:-
151cc00015
 Introduction

 To stop a moving object, a force must

act in the opposite direction to the
direction of motion.
 The force that opposes the motion of an
object is called friction.
 The Causes of Friction

 In general, smooth surfaces produce less

friction than rough surfaces.

 The strength of the force of friction

depends on two factors:
 How hard the surfaces push together
 The types of surfaces involved
 Types of friction

There are 3 types of friction

 Static friction
 Sliding friction
 Rolling friction
 Static Friction
When the frictional force between the two surfaces
is maximum or The friction that acts on objects that
are not moving is called static friction.

For example, think about what happens when you try

to push a heavy desk across a floor.
If you push on the desk with a force less than the
force of static friction between the desk and the floor,
the desk will not move.
 Sliding Friction
Sliding friction is the force of friction between
two surfaces when one surface is actually moving
over another. It is less than static force.

For example, you can spread sand

on an icy path footing. to improve
your footing
 Rolling Friction

Rolling Friction is the force of friction between

two surfaces when one surface rolls over another.
It is less than sliding friction.
Advantages of Friction
 Without friction we would slip & fall every time
we attempt to run or walk.

 Car and buses are able to run on roads because

friction is present between tyres and roads.

 Without friction, writing on paper would be

impossible the tip of pen would slip on paper.
 Disadvantages of Friction

 Energy is wasted in overcoming the force of

friction.
 Friction produces heat because energy is
wasted in overcoming friction gets
converted into heat.
 Forest fires are caused due to friction
between
 Friction causes wear & tear of tyres and
soles of footwear as they rub each other.
 Minimising friction

Friction can be minimised in several way:

It can be reduced by using a suitable lubricant like oil
and grease.
It can be reduced by using ball bearings.
It can be reduced by making the rubbing surfaces
smooth by polishing them
 Increasing friction

Friction can be increased in the following ways:

It can be done by making the surfaces rough
Sand and gravel is strewn on slippery ground during
rainy season to increase friction to walk easily.
Tyres have grooves to increase friction.