Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Competitive Advantage
Fifth Edition
Chapter 8
Cost Estimation and
Budgeting
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Learning Objectives
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
PMBoK Core Concepts
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Cost Management
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Common Sources of Project Cost
• Labor
• Materials
• Subcontractors
• Equipment and facilities
• Travel
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Types of Costs
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Figure 8.2 Project Price Breakdown
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.2 Cost Classifications
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Cost Estimation
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Learning Curves
Yx aX b
Where :
Yx = the time required for the x unit of output
a = the time required for the initial unit of output
X = the number of units to be produced
b = learning curve slope = log learning % log(2)
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Figure 8.6 Unit Learning Curve Log-
Linear Model
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Software Project Estimation—Function
Points
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Figure 8.7 Software Project Development
Activities as a Function of Size
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.4 Complexity Weighting Table for
Function Point Analysis
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.5 Function Point Calculations for
Restaurant Reorder System
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Problems with Cost Estimation
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Creating a Project Budget
The budget is a plan that identifies the resources, goals, and schedule
that allows a firm to achieve those goals.
Figure 8.8 The Relationship Among WBS, Scheduling, and Budgeting
• Top-down
• Bottom-up
• Activity-based costing (ABC)
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Activity-Based Costing
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.6 Sample Project Budget
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.7 Sample Budget Tracking Planned
and Actual Activity Costs
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Table 8.8 Example of a Time-Phased
Budget
Months Total by
Activity January February March April May Activity
Survey 4,000 Blank Blank Blank Blank 4,000
Design Blank 5,000 3,000 Blank Blank 8,000
Clear Site Blank 4,000 Blank Blank Blank 4,000
Foundation Blank Blank 7,500 Blank Blank 7,500
Framing Blank Blank Blank 8,000 2,000 10,000
Plumb and Wire Blank Blank Blank 1,000 4,000 5,000
Monthly Planned 4,000 9,000 10,500 9,000 6,000 Blank
Cumulative 4,000 13,000 23,500 32,500 38,500 38,500
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Figure 8.9 Cumulative Budgeted Cost of
the Project
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Budget Contingencies
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Benefits to Contingency Funding
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Summary
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Copyright
Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved