BY-

Binwant singh batra

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Ece-1
 HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a
compact audio/video interface for transmitting
uncompressed digital data.
 HDMI connects digital audio/video sources—such as
set-top boxes, Blu-ray Disc players, personal computers
(PCs), video game consoles (such as the PlayStation 3
and Xbox 360), and AV receivers—to compatible digital
audio devices, computer monitors, and digital
televisions.
 It's a single cable and user-friendly connector that
replaces the maze of cabling behind the home
entertainment center.
 HDMI can deliver high quality sound or vision without the risk of
quality loss due to the conversion or compression of a video or
audio signal. HDMI pictures are smoother and sharp. Sound is
also crisp and taut, without any distortion. And of course, using
the single cable HDMI can get rid of a lot of messy cables snaking
around your home theatre kit.
 Because of its digital nature, HDMI also works well with
fixed-pixel displays such as LCD, plasma or DLP screens
and projectors. A HDMI cable allows you to exactly match
pixel-by pixel the native resolution of the screen with
whatever source device you've got connected. HDMI
systems will also automatically convert a picture into its
most appropriate format, such as 16:9 or 4:3.
 HDMI signals are digital in nature while conventional TVs
and radios operate on analog signals, on the contrary
HDTVs works on digital signals.
 HDMI has some built-in smarts that allow you to control any
device connected via HDMI through the one remote.
 HDMI uses transition minimized differential signaling
(TMDS) to move information from one place to another.
TMDS is a way of encoding the signal to protect it from
degrading as it travels down the length of the cable.
Here's what happens:

 Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (TMDS) is

a technology for transmitting high-speed serial data and
is used by the DVI and HDMI video interfaces, as well as
other digital communication interfaces.

 The method is a form of 8b/10b encoding.

 One of the cables in the twisted pair carries the

signal itself. The other carries an inverse copy
of the signal.
HDMI Signal Configuration
Typical HDMI Cables
Typical HDMI Set Up
 With 19 wires wrapped in a single cable that resembles a
USB wire, HDMI is able to carry a bandwidth of 5 Gbps
(gigabits per second).
 HDMI was defined to carry 8 channels(8-channel audio is a
commercial surround sound standard that adds two
speakers to the more conventional, and consumer-oriented
6-channel (5.1) audio set-up) , of 192kHz, 24-bit
uncompressed audio (In digital audio, bit depth describes
the number of bits of information recorded for each
sample.) , which exceeds all current consumer media
formats. In addition, HDMI can carry any flavor of
compressed audio format such as Dolby or DTS.
 HDMI has the capacity to support existing high-definition
video formats such as 720p, 1080i, and 1080p, along with 
support of enhanced definition formats like 480p, as well as
standard definition formats such as NTSC.
 There are four main versions that most equipment
will correspond to — 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3.

 Version 1.4 is the latest version released. It will also

provide support for Ethernet Channel. The HDMI
Ethernet Channel will allow an Internet-enabled
HDMI device to share its Internet connection with
other HDMI devices without the need for a separate
Ethernet cable.
 What is DVI?-The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is
a video interface standard designed to provide very
high visual quality on digital display devices such
as LCD computer displays and digital projectors.

DVI Connector HDMI Connector

 DVI Versus HDMI

HDMI DVI HDMI DVI

Connector Connector Connector Connector

DVI is HDMI without the audio – Separate cable needed for audio !
 HDMI over DVI
 HDMI is DVI with the addition of:
- Audio (up to 8-channels uncompressed)
- Smaller Connector
- Support for YUV Color Space

 HDMI is fully backward compatible with DVI compliant devices.

HDMI DTVs will display video received from existing DVI-
equipped products, and DVI-equipped TVs & will display video
from HDMI sources. Make sure your DVI device supports HDCP.
 HDMI Problems - Termination

 In a serial transmission line changes in impedance are bad and can cause
reflections back to the source signal. (RL problems).

 Connectors frequently have impedance mismatches and cause some

reflection and will affect the signal quality.
 Smaller Standardized Connectors One of the big advantages
of the HDMI interface over the DVI interface is the size of the
connector
 Audio and Video on a Single Cable The cable advantages of
HDMI become even more pronounced over DVI because
HDMI also carries digital audio. With most home computers
using at least one and possible up to three mini-jack cables to
run audio from it to the speakers, the HDMI cable simplifies
the number of cables require to carry the audio signal to the
monitor.
 Increased Color Depth Analog and digital color for PC
computers has long been restricted to 24-bit color producing
roughly 16.7 million colors.
DVI is limited to this 24-bit color depth. Early HDMI
versions are also limited to this 24-bit color, but the newer 1.3
version allows colors depths of 30, 36 and even 48-bit color
depths. This greatly increases the overall quality of the color
that can be displayed, but both the graphics adapter and
monitor must support the newer HDMI version 1.3.
 HDMI Opportunities
 HDMI is growing with the advancement of high
definition programming and DVDs.

 Video Games and PC are also integrating HDMI for

optimization of their products.

 Commercially companies are choosing HDMI, sports

and entertainment, video displays, airports, restaurants
the list goes on.