METHODS OF SEISMIC

ANALYSIS

Majin Mathew
2nd MTech
Christ (Deemed to be University)
INTRODUCTION
 Natural Frequency
Frequency at which a system tends to oscillate in
the absence of any driving or damping force.
 Mode Shape
A mode shape is a specific pattern of
vibration executed by a system at a specific
frequency.
STEPS TO FIND NATURAL FREQUENCY
 Compute the seismic weight of the building (W)
 Establish mass [M] and stiffness [K] matrices of the
building using system of masses lumped at the floor
levels with each mass having one degree of freedom.
 Using [M] and [K] of previous step and employing the
principles of dynamics compute the modal
frequencies, {w} and corresponding mode shapes, [Φ]
ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREYED FRAMES
 The two types of analysis mainly done are
 Equivalent static force analysis
 Dynamic analysis
EQUIVALENT STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS(ESF)
 The concept is a dynamic analysis into partly
dynamic and partly static analyses for finding the
maximum displacement.
 ESFs restricted only to a single mode of vibration of
the structure.
STEPS INVOLVED
 Depending on the location of the building site,
identify the seismic zone and assign Zone factor (Z)
Use Table 2 along with Seismic zones map or Annex
of IS-1893 (2016)
 Compute the seismic weight of the building (W)
 Compute the natural period of the building (Ta) as
per IS-1893 (2016), as the case may be.
 Obtain the data pertaining to type of soil conditions
of foundation of the building
 Using Ta and soil type (I / II / III), compute the
average spectral acceleration ( Sa/g)
STEPS INVOLVED
 Assign the value of importance factor (I) depending
on occupancy and/or functionality of structure
 Assign the values of response reduction factor (R)
depending on type of structure
 Compute design horizontal acceleration coefficient
(Ah)
 Using Ah and W compute design seismic base shear
(VB), from VB = Ah x W
 Compute design lateral force (Qi) of ith floor by
distributing the design seismic base shear (VB) as per
the expression
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
The dynamic analysis is classified into 2 types
 Response Spectrum Method
 Time History Method
RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD-STEPS
 Depending on the location of the building site,
identify the seismic zone and assign Zone factor (Z)
 Compute the seismic weight of the building (W)
 Establish mass [M] and stiffness [K] matrices of the
building using system of masses lumped at the floor
levels with each mass having one degree of freedom.
 Using [M] and [K] of previous step and employing the
principles of dynamics compute the modal
frequencies, {w} and corresponding mode shapes, [Φ]
 Compute modal mass Mk of mode k using the
following relationship with n being number of modes
RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD-STEPS
 Compute modal participation factors Pk of mode k
using the following relationship with n being number
of modes

 Compute design lateral force Qik at each floor in each

mode using the relation

 Compute storey shear forces in each mode using

relation
RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD-STEPS
 Compute storey shear forces due to all modes
considered by combining shear force due to each
mode by Comple Quadratic Combination (CQC) or
Square Root of Square Sum (SRSS) method
 Finally compute design lateral force at each storey
REFERENCES
THANK YOU