Practical Research 1

Nature of Inquiry and Research

Lesson 1: Nature of Inquiry
 Inquiry, a term that is synonymous with the
word “investigation”
 Inquiry is a learning process that motivates
you to obtain knowledge or information
 Inquiry is to look for information by asking
various questions about the thing you are
curious about
Governing Principles or Foundation
of Inquiry
 John Dewey’s theory of connected experiences
for exploratory and reflective thinking
 Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development
(ZPD) that stresses the essence of provocation of
learning
 Jerome Bruner’s theory on learners’ varied world
perceptions for their own interpretative thinking of
people and things around them
Benefit of Inquiry-Based Learning
1. Elevates interpretative thinking through graphic skills
2. Improves student learning abilities
3. Widens learners’ vocabulary
4. Facilitates problem-solving acts
5. Increases social awareness and cultural knowledge
6. Encourages cooperative learning
7. Provides mastery of procedural knowledge
8. Encourages higher-order thinking strategies
9. Hastens conceptual knowledge
Lesson 2: Nature of Research
 Research is a process of executing various mental acts
for discovering and examining facts and information
 Research requires you to inquire or investigate about
your chosen research topic by asking questions that will
make you engage in top-level thinking strategies
 Research is similar to inquiry, both involve investigation
of something through questioning. However, the
meaning of research is more complicated because it
does not center mainly on raising questions about the
topic but also on carrying out a particular order of
research stages
Characteristics of Research

 Accuracy
 Objectiveness
 Timeliness
 Relevance
 Clarity
 Systematic
Accuracy

 It must give correct or precise data

Objectiveness

 Itmust deal with facts, not mere opinions

arising from assumptions, generalizations,
predictions, or conclusions
Timeliness

 It
must work on a topic that is fresh, new,
and interesting to the present society
Relevance

 Itstopic must be instrumental in improving

society or in solving problems affecting the
lives of people in a community
Clarity

 It
must succeed in expressing its central
point or discoveries by using simple, direct,
concise, and correct language
Systematic

 Itmust take place in an organized or

orderly manner
Types of Research
 Based on Application of Research Method
-- Pure Research
-- Applied Research
 Based on Purpose of the Research
-- Descriptive Research
-- Correlational Research
-- Explanatory Research
-- Exploratory Research
-- Action Research
 Based on Types of Data Needed
-- Qualitative Research
-- Quantitative Research
Pure Research

 It
deals with concepts, principles, or
abstract things
Applied Research

 Ifyour intention is to apply your chosen

research to societal problems or issues,
finding ways to make positive changes in
society
Descriptive Research

 Aimsat defining or giving verbal portrayal

of a picture of a person, thing, event,
group, situation, etc.
Correlational Research

 Shows relationships or connectedness of

two factors, circumstances, or agents
called variables that affect the research
Explanatory Research

 Elaboratesor explains not just the reasons

behind the relationship of two factors, but
also the ways by which such relationship
exists
Exploratory Research

 Its
purpose is to find out how reasonable or
possible it is to conduct a research study
on a certain topic
Action Research

 Studiesan ongoing practice of a school,

organization, community, or institution for
the purpose of obtaining results that will
bring improvements in the system
Qualitative Research

 Requires
non-numerical data, which
means that the research uses words rather
than numbers to express the results
Quantitative Research

 Involves
measurement of data. Thus,
presents research in findings referring to
the number or frequency of something in
numerical forms
Lesson 3: Qualitative Research

 Qualitative Research puts high value

on people’s thinking or point of view
conditioned by their personal traits.
 It usually takes place in soft sciences
like social sciences, politics,
economics, humanities, education,
psychology, nursing, and all business-
related subjects.
Characteristics of a Qualitative
Research
 Human understanding and interpretation
 Active, powerful, and forceful
 Multiple research approaches and methods
 Specificity to generalization
 Contextualization
 Diversified data in real-life situations
 Abounds with words and visuals
 Internal analysis
Types of Qualitative Research

Case Study
Ethnography
Phenomenology
Content and Discourse Analysis
Historical Analysis
Grounded Theory