GROUNDWATER QUALITY MODELLING

FOR CHENNAI SUB BASIN

Priyanka.K– 111413103067
Rajashree.S – 111413103073
Srinivedha.R – 111413103089
Sruthi.M J – 111413103090

Under the guidance of

Mrs. M.Monitha M.Tech.,
Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
PEC.
 ABSTRACT

Coovum River Sub Basin is a narrow drainage basin of about 505.88 sq.km situated
between the Kosasthalaiyar sub basin in the north side and Palar basin and Adyar
basin in the south side, traversing a distance of 16 km within Chennai city limits. Due
to 708 outfalls from industries, commercial institutions, sewage treatment plants,
pumping stations, sewers, storm water drains and slums, the river is highly
deteriorated in every aspect. The study is carried out using ArcGIS software. The
groundwater monitoring data, lithology, hydrogeological parameters, topography,
rainfall data obtained from PWD, CGWB, Survey of India, IMD are used in the
model. The model is used for simulation of the ground water quality for various
parameters:
 pH
 TDS
 Total hardness

Keywords : Coovum river basin, Chennai, TDS, Groundwater quality modeling,

ArcGIS software.
 INTRODUCTION

• Groundwater is an important component of water resource systems,

extracted from aquifers through pumping wells and supplied for
domestic use, industry and agriculture.

• Groundwater contamination and soil pollution are recognized as

important environmental problems over the last 20 years.
• In India pollution and over extraction are important component of the
groundwater problem.

• Groundwater modelling is an established tool to study the aquifer

response for given input-output stress. The findings, in turn, help
evolve and select optimal groundwater management policy i.e, results
are used to devise the remedial measures to clean the aquifer system.
 OBJECTIVE

• To provide detailed assessment of the existing

groundwater quality on either side of the Coovum river
basin which is highly affected due to domestic and
industrial discharge.

• To create the groundwater quality model of the selected

area by using the ArcGIS software.

• To suggest remedial measures to improve the

groundwater quality of this area.
 SCOPE

• Groundwater quality of selected site can be known.

• Suitable remedial measures can be taken.
• Groundwater can be efficiently managed.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

S TITLE OF AUTHOR OBSERVATION INFERENCE

No JOURNAL
1 Groundwater C.P.Kumar Various software and Selection of
modelling software – its usage software for
capabilities and modelling
limitations
2 Assessment of Balathandayutham Usage of GIS Location and
groundwater quality Mayilswami C and its application selection of OB
using GIS Tamilmani D wells

3 Development of G N Pradeep Various quality Selection of quality

groundwater flow kumar parameters parameters
model using modflow P Anil kumar
S TITLE OF AUTHOR OBSERVATION INFERENCE
No
JOURNAL
4 Study of T Subramani ArcGIS in Procedure involved
groundwater quality S Krishnan modelling in modelling
with GIS application P K Kumaresan
for coonoor taluk

5 Study on R M Narayanan Various data to be Maps, CGWD,

groundwater Lakshmipriya C collected PWD data is
modelling of collected
aquifers using visual
MODFLOW
METHODOLOGY
Study area
 DATA COLLECTION

• FIRST STAGE
*Collection of location and depth of water level of
OB wells of Chennai district
• SECOND STAGE
* Collection of water quality of selected OB wells
of Chennai district
The data was collected from :
“State Surface And Groundwater Resources Data
Centre, Taramani, Chennai"
 SELECTED OBSERVATION WELLS
OB wells Sub basin Minor Latitude Longitude Ht of Ms Elevation Station
Basin point
NUNGAMPAKKA
OW130038801548 Adayar Adayar 13°00'38" 80°15'48" 0.6 2.67 M

OW125909801326 Adayar Adayar 12°59'09" 80°13'26" 0.4

MEENAMBAKKA
OW130047801338 Chennai Adyar 13°00'47" 80°13'38" 0.85 7.17 M

OW130102801535 Chennai Adyar 13°01'02" 80°15'35" 0 3.24

MEENAMBAKKA
OW130116801545 Chennai Adyar 13°00'16" 80°15'45" 1.02 4.3 M

OW130123801352 Adayar Adayar 13°01'23" 80°13'52" 0.4

OW130123801530 Adayar Adayar 13°01'23" 80°15'30" 0.8

NUNGAMPAKKA
OW130218801530 Chennai Adyar 13°02'18" 80°15'30" 0.55 4.13 M

OW130341801656 Chennai Cooum 13°03'41" 80°16'56" 0.35 4.81 CHEPAUK

OW130401801639 Chennai Cooum 13°04'01" 80°16'39" 0.4 5.34

OW130423801151 Cooum 13°04'23" 80°11'51" 0.7 POONAMALLEE

OW130450801711 Coovum Coovum 13°04'50" 80°17'11" 0.7 6.22

OW130513801604 Chennai Cooum 13°05'13" 80°16'04" 0.25 4.05 EGMORE

OW130559801712 Chennai Cooum 13°05'59" 80°17'12" 0.63 2.98 EGMORE

 MODELLING USING ArcGIS

• Geo-referencing
• Digitization
• Creation of shapefiles
• Importing excel data
• Base map
• Water quality models(contour)
GEO-REFERENCED MAP
DIGITIZATION
DIGITIZED SHAPEFILE
RIVER SHAPEFILE
SELECTED WELLS SHAPEFILE
CREATED MAP
IMPORTED WELL DATA
WELL DETAILS IN ArcGIS
IMPORTED DATA-2012
IMPORTED DATA-2013
IMPORTED DATA-2014
IMPORTED DATA-2015
pH CONTOUR-2012
pH CONTOUR-2013
pH CONTOUR-2014
pH CONTOUR-2015
TDS CONTOUR-2012
TDS CONTOUR-2013
TDS CONTOUR-2014
TDS CONTOUR-2015
TOTAL HARDNESS CONTOUR-2012
TOTAL HARDNESS CONTOUR-2013
TOTAL HARDNESS CONTOUR-2014
TOTAL HARDNESS CONTOUR-2015
LIMITS AS PER IS10500:2012
 OBSERVATION AND INFERENCE
OB wells Sub basin pH 2012 pH 2015 Observation Inference

OW130038801548 Adayar 8.89 7.47 Decreased Within limit

OW125909801326 Adayar 8.73 7.41 Decreased Within limit
OW130047801338 Chennai 8.73 7.74 Decreased Within limit
OW130102801535 Chennai 8.84 7.45 Decreased Within limit
OW130116801545 Chennai 8.96 7.45 Decreased Within limit
OW130123801352 Adayar 8.71 7.8 Decreased Within limit
OW130123801530 Adayar 8.78 7.44 Decreased Within limit
OW130218801530 Chennai 8.65 7.41 Decreased Within limit
OW130341801656 Chennai 8.58 7.38 Decreased Within limit
OW130401801639 Chennai 8.57 7.41 Decreased Within limit
OW130423801151 Cooum 8.6 7.97 Decreased Within limit
OW130450801711 Coovum 8.55 7.38 Decreased Within limit
OW130513801604 Chennai 8.57 7.4 Decreased Within limit
OW130559801712 Chennai 8.56 7.28 Decreased Within limit
 TDS (mg/l)
OB wells Sub basin 2012 2015 Observation Inference
OW130038801548 Adayar 656 2264 Increased Exceeded limit
OW125909801326 Adayar 480 2704 Increased Exceeded limit
OW130047801338 Chennai 454 1886 Increased Within limit
OW130102801535 Chennai 644 1865 Increased Within limit
OW130116801545 Chennai 641 2822 Increased Exceeded limit
OW130123801352 Adayar 468 1472 Increased Within limit
OW130123801530 Adayar 608 1666 Increased Within limit
OW130218801530 Chennai 454 1199 Increased Within limit
OW130341801656 Chennai 737 1537 Increased Within limit
OW130401801639 Chennai 900 1619 Increased Within limit
OW130423801151 Cooum 700 710 Increased Within limit
OW130450801711 Coovum 1070 1766 Increased Within limit
OW130513801604 Chennai 2127 1641 Increased Within limit
OW130559801712 Chennai 895 1372 Increased Within limit
 TOTAL HARDNESS(mg/l)
OB wells Sub basin 2012 2015 Observation Inference
OW130038801548 Adayar 310 233 Decreased Within limit
OW125909801326 Adayar 195 303 Increased Within limit
OW130047801338 Chennai 201 282 Increased Within limit
OW130102801535 Chennai 289 234 Decreased Within limit
OW130116801545 Chennai 324 239 Decreased Within limit
OW130123801352 Adayar 211 295 Increased Within limit
OW130123801530 Adayar 272 256 Decreased Within limit
OW130218801530 Chennai 249 381 Increased Within limit
OW130341801656 Chennai 391 703 Increased Exceeded limit
OW130401801639 Chennai 436 749 Increased Exceeded limit
OW130423801151 Cooum 295 279 Decreased Within limit
OW130450801711 Coovum 466 777 Increased Exceeded limit
OW130513801604 Chennai 554 597 Increased Within limit
OW130559801712 Chennai 426 497 Increased Within limit
 RESULT

• The pH of groundwater has decreased in 2015

• The total dissolved solids(TDS) of groundwater has
increased and has exceed its limits i.e., above
2000mg/l in Chennai and Adayar(Industrialized area).
• The total hardness has increased i.e., above 600mg/l
in Chennai, Adayar and Coovum.
• It is observed that there is signs of water quality
deteriorations as per BIS standards.
 REMEDIAL MEASURES

• Urgent need to assess pollution activity from time to time to

mitigate the intensity of pollution.
• Augmenting the groundwater resources by recharging the
aquifers through rainwater harvesting and watershed
management
• Reducing the high concentration of physical and chemical
effluents from industries.
• Public awareness programs should be initiated to create sense
of awareness to save water
 REFERENCE
• http://www.esri.com ArcGIS software
• http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Basins Indian basin
details fully
• http://www.wrd.tn.gov.in/Default.php Government of Tamil Nadu ,Water
Resources Organisation PWD (TN basin details and basin maps)
• http://www.groundwatertnpwd.org.in/ STATE GROUND AND SURFACE
WATER RESOURCES DATA CENTRE PWD, Taramani data centre ( OB wells
water level and water quality data)
• http://www.chennaimetrowater.tn.nic.in/public/lake.htm Chennai
Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board
• http://www.cpcb.nic.in/upload/NewItems/NewItem_47_foreword.pdf
Central Polluttion Control Board Quality Standards
• http://www.cpcb.nic.in/upload/NewItems/NewItem_97_guidelinesofwate
rqualitymanagement.pdf Central Polluttion Control Board Groundwater
management guidelines
Thank you