Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Organelles and their Function

Plant Cell Organelles
Functions of the Organelles

 Cell wall provides support, shape, and protection for the plant
 Cell membrane is the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds
the cell, but is inside the cell wall.
 Golgi apparatus is a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that
looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. It
packages proteins and carbohydrates.
 Chloroplast is an elongated or disc-shaped organelle containing
chlorophyll.
 Vacuole membrane surrounds and protect the large central
vacuole.
 Raphide Crystal functions to repel animals away from plants.
 Druse Crystal has poisonous substances that are thought to
be a defense against animals.
 Mitochondrion is a spherical to rod-shaped organelle. It
converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP
 Cytoplasm is the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in
which the organelles are located.
 Large central vacuole is a large, membrane-bound space
within a plant cell that is filled with fluid. It helps maintain the
shape of the cell.
 Rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is covered with
ribosomes. It transports materials through the cell and
produces proteins.
 Nucleus contains the hereditary material DNA and
directs the activities of the cell.
 Nucleolus is the structure within the nucleus and helps
in synthesis of ribosomes.
 Smooth ER transport materials through the cell. It
contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids.
 Ribosomes are small organelles composed of RNA-rich
cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
 Golgi vesicles contains proteins such as digestive
enzymes.
Animal Cell Organelles
Function of the Animal Cell Organelles
 Microtubules has a cytoskeletal role.
 Cytoplasm is the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in
which the organelles are located.
 Mitochondrion is a spherical to rod-shaped organelle. It
converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP
 Golgi apparatus is a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that
looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus.
It packages proteins and carbohydrates.
 Nucleolus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the
is the structure within the nucleus and helps in synthesis of
ribosomes.
 Centrioles located near the nucleus, involved in the
development of spindle fibers in cell division.
 Ribosomes are small organelles composed of RNA-rich
cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
 Cell membrane is the thin layer of protein and fat that
surrounds the cell, but is inside the cell wall.
 Smooth ER transport materials through the cell. It contains
enzymes and produces and digests lipids.
 Rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is covered with
ribosomes. It transports materials through the cell and
produces proteins.
 Golgi vesicles contains proteins such as digestive enzymes.
 Lysosomes digest excess or worn out organelles, food
particles, and engulf viruses or bacteria.