IEC 60076 CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING PARTS,

UNDER THE GENERAL TITLE:

“POWER TRANSFORMERS”
 Part 1: General
 Part 2: Temperature rise
 Part 3: Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external
clearances in air
 Part 10: Determination of sound levels
 Visual Inspection
 Insulation Resistance Test
 Measurement of voltage ratio, vector group and
polarity displacement check
 Winding Resistance Test at Ambient Temp.
 Open Circuit Test (No Load Loss & I0)
 Short Circuit Test (Load Loss & VZ)
 Separate source AC withstand voltage test
 Induced Potential Test
 Protection Functional Check
 Lightning Impulse Test
 Determination of sound levels
 Temperature Rise Test
 OutLine Drawing suitability
 Dimension suitability
 Accessories completeness
 Measure the insulation resistance
between each terminals *:
 HV – Body (ground)
 LV – Body (ground)
 HV – LV
At ambient temperature and corrected
to 20°C

*)1000 VDC, for 1 minute

Tool used: Megger® Insulation
Resistance Tester
Minimum Result for Transformer Insulation Resistance, and Temperature
Correction factor*

L-L Voltage Class Insulation Transformer Correction

(kV) Resistance Temperature Factor
(Mega Ohm)
1.2 32 15 0.73
2.5 68 20 1.0
5 135 25 1.3
8.66 230 30 1.8
15 410 35 2.5
25 670 40 3.3
34.5 930 45 4.5
46 1240 50 6.0
69 1860 55 8.1
Westinghouse: SUPERSEDES LL 47-600-100
 Measure transformer turn/voltage ratio
between Primary and Secondary side
 Calculation Value on relation:
 Delta-Delta : Line Voltage HV
Line Voltage LV
 Delta-Star : Line Voltage HV .
(Line Voltage LV / √3)
 Star-Star : Line Voltage HV
Line Voltage LV
 Star-Delta : (Line Voltage HV / √3)
Line Voltage LV
 Maximum deviation tolerance was ±0,5%
Measuring by means of bridge method or voltage
drop method on principal tapping of each phase.
The no-load loss and the no-load current
shall be measured on one of the windings
at rated frequency and at a voltage
corresponding to rated voltage the
remaining winding or windings shall be left
open-circuited
Measure the impedance voltage and load loss
at rated frequency and rated current on
principal tap by applying to the high voltage
winding with the low voltage winding short-
circuited. The value of tests are corrected to
reference temperature (75° C)
The measurements shall be performed
quickly so that temperature rises do not cause
significant errors.
 The test is intended to verify the AC withstand strength of the line and neutral
terminals and their connected windings to earth and other windings.
 The separate source AC voltage test shall be made with single-phase
alternating voltage as nearly as possible on sine-wave form
 The full test voltage shall be applied for 60 s between all terminals of
the winding under test connected together and all terminals of the remaining
windings, core, frame and tank or casing of the transformer, connected together
to earth.
 The test is successful if no collapse of the test voltage occurs.

Line Voltage Class (kV) Applied Voltage (kV)

1.1 3
3.6 10
7.2 20
12 28
17.5 38
24 50
36 70
Table
 Source

Transformer Under Test Step Up Transformer

 The test is intended to verify the AC withstand strength
of each line terminal and its connected winding(s) to
earth and other windings, the withstand strength
between phases and along the winding(s) under test.
 The test voltage across an untapped winding of the
transformer shall be as close as possible to twice the
rated voltage
 When the test frequency exceeds twice the rated
frequency, the test time in seconds of the test shall be:
Transformer Frequency
T= 120 x (sec)
Generator Frequency
 The test is successful if no collapse of the test voltage
occurs.
2x Nominal Voltage
at 350 Hz
 The test is intended to verify the impulse withstand strength of
the transformer under test, when the impulse is applied to
its line terminals.
 The impulse test sequence is applied to each of the line
terminals of the tested winding in succession, the other line
terminals of the winding shall be earthed directly.
 The test sequence shall consist of one impulse of a voltage
between 50 % and 75 % of the full test voltage, and three
subsequent impulses at full voltage.
 The absence of significant differences between transients
recorded at reduced voltage and those recorded at full test
voltage constitutes evidence that the insulation has withstood
the test.
 Test object with or without its auxiliary cooling plant, the
test object shall be on no-load and excited at the rated
voltage of sinusoidal or practically sinusoidal waveform
and rated frequency.
 Equation to acquire sound level :

Where :
LW : Acoustic Noise Level
LpA : Noise Pressure level
S0 : Surface area of transformer under measure
S : Surface area of measurement

 The accepted Sound level value is : dB

 Definition: The difference between the temperature of the
part under consideration and the external cooling medium
 Standard method for determination of steady-state
temperature rises on the test is equivalent in short-circuit
test connection.
 The purpose of the test is to establish:
 the top-liquid and average liquid temperature rises in a
steady-state condition with dissipation of total losses;
 the average winding temperature rise at rated current for the
average liquid temperature rise as determined above;