Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
• Absence of profit.
Donor Categories
• “Allergenic”, “homologous” and “random donor” terms
used for blood donated by individuals for anyone’s use
• Autologous – donate blood for your own use only
• Recipient Specific Directed donation – donor called in
because blood/blood product is needed for a specific
patient
• Directed Donor – patient selects their own donors
• Therapeutic bleeding – blood removed for medical
purposes such as in polycythemia vera. NOT used for
transfusion.
Donor Categories
• Safest is autologous, blood is your own, no
risk of disease acquisition
• Most dangerous is Directed Donor, you
select a donor who may, unknown to you,
be in a high risk category but feels obligated
to follow through and donate
Blood donation reactions and
complications
• Mild Reactions:- ( Anxiety, Increase
respiration, Rapid Pulls, Pallor and mild
Sweating.
• Moderate Reactions:- Loss of
Consciousness (faint), Slow Pulls
(Difficult to feel ).
• Sever Reactions:- Faint, Convulsion,----
How To Manage Donation
Reaction Mild)
1- Discontinue Donation.
2- Raise Legs and Lower Head.
3- Loose or Remove tight.
4- Keep the donor Cool.
5- After recover offer him a cool drink.
6- Record the reaction at the BB recording.
Ensure that he is full recovered before leaving.
How To Manage Donation
Reaction (Moderate)
• As before in addition to:-
• 1- Remove him to another room for privacy
• 2- Chick the pulls, the appearance.
• 3- release him when full recovered.
How To Manage Donation
Reaction (Sever)
• As before in addition to:-
• 1- Turn the donor to a lateral position to maintain
a clear airway.
• 2- Gently restrain the donor to prevent any injury.
• 3- Ensure that he is full recovered before leaving.
• 4- Advise him not to donate blood again and
contact a doctor.
Post-Phlebotomy Care
• Donor applies pressure for 5 minutes
• Check and bandage site
Figure 19–6b
Blood Storage
• Blood Donated is stored in low temp ( 1-6C)
• To slow or stop al biochemical activities, and
• keep blood cells active, and avoid
• contamination.
Blood Transfusion Request
• It should provide the following information's:-
• . Date of Request.
• .Patients full name, date of birth, sex, hospital No, word,
address, blood group if known.
• .provisional diagnosis.
• . Presence of antibodies.
• . History of previous transfusion, and reaction if happened.
• . No of previous pregnancies (female)
• . No and type of units of blood and blood products required.
• . Reason of transfusion.
• Signature of doctor requesting the blood.
• .
• .
• .
• .
Blood transfusion reaction
1. Stop transfusion immediately
2. Continue IV infusion with normal saline
3. Notify physician of client’s signs and
symptoms
4. Provide care for client as indicated
5. Complete reaction form according to
institution protocol.
6. Obtain urine specimen from client and
send for free hemoglobin.
Ordering blood
Assess patient’s
need for transfusion
Regular scheduled
Orientation of new employees competency
evaluation of staff:
To ensure that
their skills are
maintained
DOCUMENTATION
Level III:Procedures
Procedures “How to do it”
(SOPs)
Forms/Records/Supporting
documents/Data/QC Level IV
Records/Templates
Documentation
maintained ?
Types of Clerical Errors
• Platelets
• Granulocytes
BLOOD COMPONNET AND SEPARATION
PLATELETS
Terms to know:
• Whole blood: blood collected before
separation into components
• Components: parts of whole blood that are
separated
• Closed system: a sterile system of blood
collection
• Open system: when the collection is
exposed to air, decreasing expiration date
Collection basics
• Blood is collected in a primary bag that
• contains anticoagulant-preservatives
• Satellite bags may also be attached,
• depending on what components are needed
• Anticoagulant-preservatives minimize
biochemical changes and increase shelf life
WHY BLOOD COMPONENTS ?
http://www.pall.com/39378_39479.asp
Plasma
RBCs PRP
Platelet
concentrate
How platelets are processed
• Requires 2 spins:
– Soft – separates RBCs and WBCs from
plasma and platelets
– Heavy
• platelets in platelet rich plasma (PRP) will be
forced to the bottom of a satellite bag
• 40-60 mL of plasma is expelled into another
satellite bag, while the remaining bag contains
platelet concentrate
Platelets
• Important in maintaining hemostasis
• Help stop bleeding and form a platelet plug (primary
hemostasis)
• People who need platelets:
– Cancer patients
– Bone marrow recipients
– Postoperative bleeding
BLOOD BANK REFRIGERATORS
• Temp. Display
What is Apheresis
Platelets (plateletpheresis)
Leukocytes (leukapheresis)
Whatever the local system for the collection,
3 Each unit should be tested and labeled to show its ABO and Rh D
group.
6. Plasma can transmit most of the infections present in whole blood and
there are very few indications for its transfusion.
head of the sections, in case of specific group shortage the following actions
is taken:
2. Phone call the institute and establishments that held blood campaign
6. On top emergencies call the TV. and other media for public
announcement.
Do not ever leave the donor
during or after donation process
until