COOPERARI CELULARE SI MECANISME IN

RASPUNSUL IMUN CELULAR SI UMORAL

 LTh NAIVE –DIFERENTIERE LTh1/LTh2
Naive Th cells Short-term Chronic Long term
stimulation stimulation Memory cells
IFNγ
Th1 IL-2
cell
ThP ThO ThM
cell cell cell
Th2
cell

IL-2 IFNγ
IL-2
IL-2 IL-4
IL-4 IL-5
IL-5 IL-6
IL-10 IL-10
 Limfocitele T citotoxice
• LTc exitente in timus sunt pre-LTc, au
TCR care poate recunoaste Ag, dar nu
pot distruge celule pana cand nu sunt
“armate”
• Pentru a deveni armate necesita 2
semnale:

1. Recunoasterea prin TCR a unui Ag

specific asociat MHC de tip I,
2. Expunerea la citokine (IL-2 si IFN-γ)
 ACTIVAREA(ARMAREA) LTc
1. Cell expressing class I MHC
Class I presents antigen ( ) 2. Antigen-presenting
MHC to a pre-Tc cell cell presents antigen in
association with
3. Th cell class II MHC to Th cell
makes cytokines
IFN Class II MHC
Pre-Tc cell IL-2 T helper cell
APC
4. Pre-Tc cell
differentiates to
functional Tc cell

Tc cell
6. Target cell
5. Tc recognizes antigen on is killed
class I MHC-expressing target cell
 Etape in citotoxicitatea LTc
1. LTc recunoaste Ag pe
Tc cell Target cell Celula tinta

2. O incarcatura letala e eliberata

de LTc folosind agenti ca
Tc cell Target cell perforinele si granzimele B

3. LTc se detaseaza
de celula tinta
Target cell
Tc cell

Target cell 4. Celula tinta moare prin

apoptoza
 Mecanismul citotoxicitatii LTc

• Granulele LTc contin perforine si granzime

• In timpul contactului cu celula tinta, continutul
granulelor este eliberat , perforinele
polimerizeaza si formeaza canale in membrama
celulei tinta
• Granzimele (serin protease) intra in celula tinta
prin canale, activeaza nucleazele si duc la
apoptoza celulei
 Mecanismul citotoxicitatii LTc

LTcLTc Perforine
LTc Granzime
monomer
Perforine Ca++
polimerizate

Canale de poliperforine

Cel. tinta Cel. tinta

 Antigen

CD40 RIU T helper TCR

B
B MHC II
cell cell
cell
1. Antigen presentation to
Th cell B7 CD28

Cytokine Immunoglobulin 2. B7 expressed

receptor receptor
3. Th cell is
4. Cytokine activated
binds to and expresses
cytokine CD40 ligand,
receptor, Cytokines
CD40 ligand secreted
binds to CD40 CD40
ligand
B B B
B T helper
cell cell cell
cell cell
5. B cell activated

6. B cells proliferate, differentiate, secrete Ig Cytokine

 Class II MHC B
Th cell APC Th cell
cell

Th cells are primed by antigen- B cell takes up and

presenting cell presents antigen

Th cell Th cell
B
cell B-T cell cooperation
B cells receive signals from T cells
B B
cell cell B cells divide

B B B B
cell cell cell cell

B
Antibody forming Antibody forming Antibody forming memory
cell cell cell cell
EXPANSIUNEA CLONALA
COOPERARI DIRECTE IN RIU