AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION

• 1. This design, generally known as stressed-

skin structure, allowed the aircraft to be built
with a more streamlined shape and provided
further reduction in weight because the skin
itself carried the structural loads.
• A. monocoque
• B. Semi-monocoque
• C. Truss-type
• A. Monocoque
• 2. In this design, the skin is fastened to a sub-
structure or skeletal framework, which allows
the loads to be distributed between the
structural components and the skin of
aorcraft.
• A. monocoque
• B. Semi-monocoque
• C. Truss-type
• B. Semi-monocoque
• 3. Which of the following is a disadvantage of
a monocoque structure?
• A. Relatively low Strength to weight ratio
• B. Costly
• C. Can fail once subjected to minor dents of
creases
• C. Can fail once subjected to minor dents of
creases
• *monocoque construction is economical and
has sufficient strength for relatively low-stress
areas.
• 4. Which of the following is not a lighter-than-
air aircraft?
• A. Blimp
• B. Rotorcraft
• C. Dirigible
• B. Rotorcraft
• 5. It provides the lifting force when it interacts
with a moving stream of air.
• A. Propeller
• B. Fuselage
• C. Airfoil
• C. Airfoil
• *kapag nagkamali ka pa naman ewan ko na
lang
• 6. It is the deflection of the airstream as it
passes over the wing past the trailing edge.
• A. Downwash
• B. Upwash
• C. Lift
• A. Downwash
• *when the airstream passes the leading edge
it creates an upwash and when it passes the
trailing edge, a downwash
• 7. It is the characteristic curve of the airfoil’s
upper and lower surfaces
• A. Chord
• B. Camber
• C. Symmetry
• B. Camber
• 8. It acts perpendicular to the relative wind
regardless of angle of attack
• A. Weight
• B. Upwash
• C. Lift
• C. Lift
9. When angle of attack increases:
A. Lift also increases
B. Lift decreases
C. Lift is independent to angle of attack
• A. Lift also increases
• 10. It is a point at which air pressure produced
by the wing can be considered concentrated
• A. Center of Gravity
• B. Center of Lift
• C. Center of pressure
• B. Center of Lift
• 11. It is a type of wood that is constructed of
strips that are glued together with the grain
running at a parallel direction.
• A. Extruded wood
• B. Built-up wood
• C. Laminated wood
• C. Laminated wood
• 12. The wires that extend from the front spar
to the rear spar and that are running
diagonally from inboard to outboard.
• A. Drag wires
• B. Anti-drag wires
• C. Tension ties
• A. Drag wires
• *drag wires oppose the forces that tend to
drag against the wing and pull it backward
• Anti-drag wires run diagonally FROM
OUTBAORD TO INBOARD
• 13. In an airfoil, it is also called as false ribs. It
extend from the front spar forward and are
placed between each of the full length former
ribs.
• A. Spar ribs
• B. Nose ribs
• C. Gusset ribs
• B. Nose ribs
• 14. Externally braced wings not requiring
external support.
• A. Monocoque
• B. Semi-monocoque
• C. Cantilever
• C. Cantilever
• 15. In ___, a slab of aluminum alloy is treated
with an acid-resisting coating where the full
thickness of the material is needed. The slab is
then immersed in a vat of acid and
unnecessary aluminum is chemically eaten
away.
• A. Chemical milling
• B. Electro-chemical machining
• C. Electro-chemical milling
• A. Chemical milling
• *chemical milling is good for quickly removing
large amounts of material.
• 16. After the skin is immersed in a salty
electrolyte, an electrode-cutting tool made
from soft copper and carrying a large amount
of electrical current, is passed near the surface
of the skin.
• A. Chemical milling
• B. Electro-chemical machining
• C. Electro-chemical milling
• B. Electro-chemical machining
• *when complex shapes or deep grooves must
be cut Electro-chemical machining may be
used.
• 17. It occurs when an out-of-balance
condition causes a control surface to oscillate
in the air stream, typically increasing in
frequency and amplitude until the control
surface fails catastrophically.
• A. Buffet
• B. Unbalancing
• C. Flutter
• C. Flutter
• *flutter is the primary design consideration for
any control surface
• 18. When parking the aircraft:
• A. Always lock the control surfaces into a fixed
position
• B. Always make sure that the fuel tank is full
to prevent moisture build up
• C. All of the above
• A. Always lock the control surfaces into a fixed
position
• *this prevents damage to the control surfaces
by preventing the wind from blowing the
controls against the stop
• 19. On almost all airplanes, they are located
near the wing tips and hinge to the aileron
spar to become part of the trailing edge of the
wing.
• A. Spoilers
• B. Ailerons
• C. Flaperons
• B. Ailerons
• 20. They are control devices that destroy lift
by disrupting the airflow over a portion of the
wing.
• A. Elevons
• B. Ailerons
• C. Spoilers
• C. Spoilers
• *They are structural slabs that are stowed
flush with the airfoil surface that can be
deployed by the pilot to swing upward into
the airstream
• 21. They utilize a linkage that combines the
trailing edge flaps with the ailerons.
• A. Flaperons
• B. Elevons
• C. Ailerons
• A. Flaperons
• 22. Because vortices cost airplanes so much
efficiency and performance, there has been
much research to diffuse them. One of the
most effective devices is the:
• A. Vortex degenerators
• B. Winglet
• C. Boundary layer separators
• B. Winglet
• *winglet combines many small factors to
increase performance such as downwash from
the trailing edge of the winglet blocks the
vortices. Even the winglet vortex is positioned
to counteract a portion of the main wingtip
vortex
• 23. It is the speed at which the airflow over
any portion of an airfoil surface reaches the
speed of sound.
• A. Sonic Mach number
• B. Vital Mach number
• C. Critical Mach number
• C. Critical Mach number
• *when an airfoil reaches critical Mach
number, a shock wave begins to form just
behind the point which the air is moving the
fastest.
• 24. They are short, low-aspect-ratio airfoils
installed on the wing to help prevent
boundary layer separation.
• A. Vortex generators
• B. Layer connectors
• C. Part uniters
• A. Vortex generators
• 25. It is the assembly of tail structures and
includes components that are used for both
control and stability.
• A. Horizontal Tail
• B. Vertical Tail
• C. Empennage
• C. Empannage
• 26. Directional stability and control are
provided by:
• A. Horizontal surfaces
• B. Vertical surfaces
• C. Flight control surfaces
• B. Vertical Surfaces
• 27. It uses two slanted tail surfaces to perform
the same functions as the surfaces of a
conventional elevator and rudder
configuration.
• A. V-tail
• B. T-tail
• C. I-tail
• A. V-tail
• 28. It is a form of construction in which a
number of members are joined to form a rigid
structure.
• A. Struts
• B. Beam
• C. Truss
• C. Truss
• 29. Its main drawback is that the airplane’s
center of gravity is behind the point of contact
of the main wheels.
• A. Tail-wheel landing gear
• B. Conventional landing gear
• C. Retractable landing gear
• B. Conventional landing gear
• *this makes it easy for the airplane to loop if
the pilot allows the airplane to swerve slightly
while rolling on the ground
• 30. What is one of the biggest problems with
retractable landing gear?
• A. Human factor
• B. Control failure
• C. Costly
• A. Human factor
• *the pilot fails to lower the wheels before
landing. To overcome this problem, some
manufacturers have built landing gear system
an airspeed sensor that automatically lowers
the landing gear when the airspeed drops
below a preset value.
• 31. They are far smaller and lighter while
producing the same power and also producing
far less vibration.
• A. Piston engines
• B. Turbine engines
• C. Double-piston engines
• B. Turbine engines
32. What is the motion about the longitudinal
axis?
A. Yaw
B. Roll
C. Pitch
• B. Roll
• *pitch is the motion about lateral as yaw
about vertical axis
• 33. The three axes pass through a common
reference point called the:
• A. Center of gravity
• B. Aerodynamic center
• C. Center of pressure
• A. Center of gravity
• 34. the primary purpose of ___ is to
counteract aileron drag and keep the fuselage
streamlined with the relative wind.
• A. Flaps
• B. Rudder
• C. Elevators
• B. Rudder
• *this improves the quality of turns and
reduces drag
• 35. It is the characteristic of an airplane in
flight to return to a condition of equilibrium
after it is disturbed.
• A. Maneuverability
• B. Equity
• C. Stability
• C. Stability
• 36. Aircraft are not designed to be stable in
their attitude with respect to the:
• A. Earth
• B. Relative wind
• C. Flight path
• A. Earth
• 37. an aircraft is designed to be stable with
respect to:
• A. Earth
• B. Relative wind
• C. Flight path
• B. Relative wind
• 38. an aircraft that is _____ stable will tend to
weather-vane, so as to align its fuselage with
the relative wind.
• A. Directionally
• B. Statically
• C. Dynamically
• A. Directionally
• 39. ____ stability is concerned with the way
the restorative forces act with regard to time.
• A. Directional
• B. Static
• C. Dynamic
• C. Dynamic
• 40. which is desirable for most aircraft?
• A. Positive stability
• B. Negative stability
• C. Neutral stability
• A. Positive stability
• *most airplanes are designed to exhibit the
damped oscillation from stability when
disturbed from pitch equilibrium
41. ______ is the upward angle between the
wing and the lateral axis.
A. Angle of attack
B. Angle of incidence
C. Dihedral angle
• C. Dihedral angle
• *lateral or roll stability is provided primarily by
the dihedral in the wings
• 42. _____ stability is about the vertical axis
and is provided primarily by vertical tail which
causes the airplane to act much like a weather
vane.
• A. Directional
• B. Static
• C. Dynamic
• A. Directional
• *weather vane is a mechanical device
attached to an elevated structure; rotates
freely to show the direction of the wind
• 43. Numbers allocated to certain components
such as frames and ribs to indicate their
positions within the structure.
• A. Station numbers
• B. Frame numbers
• C. Line numbers
• A. Station numbers
• *this station may represent in inches the
distance from a datum point which could be
the fuselage, nose or wingroot
• 44.Laminated spars may be substituted for
solid rectangular wood spars
• A. Only in certain instances where the primary
load is shared by one or more other original
structural member
• A. Only upon specific approval by the
manufacturer or the FAA
• C. If the same quality wood is used
• C. If the same quality wood is used
• 45. Dihedral angle of the wing may be
measured by placing a straightedge and level
protractor on the
• A. Datum line
• B. Front spar
• C. Wing tip
• B. Front spar
• 46. A type of corrosion that attacks along the
grain boundaries of the metal
• A. Fretting
• B. Intergranular
• C. pitting
• B. intergranular
• 47. acute angle formed by the chord line of a
wing relative wind is known as the
• A. Angle of attack
• B. Angle of incidence
• C. Dihedral angle
• A. Angle of attack
• 48. fuselage construction that relies largely on
strength of the skin or covering is a
• A. Monocoque
• B. Semi-monocoque
• C. Truss type
• A. monocoque
• 49. what statement is true regarding a
cantilever wing
• A. No external bracing is needed
• B. It requires only one lift strut on each side
• C. It has nonadjustable lift struts
• A. No external bracing is needed
• 50. Longitudinal structural members of a semi
monocoque fuselage are called
• A. Spars and ribs
• B. Longerons and stringers
• C. Spars and stringers
• B. Longerons and stringers
• 51. what is ATA chapter 53?
• A. Stabilizers
• B. Wings
• C. fuselage
• C. fuselage
52. Corrosion occurs between two dissimilar
metals makes electrical contact with the
presence of an electrolyte
A. Fretting
B. Galvanic
C. filiform
• B. galvanic
• 53. type of inspection that can determine
delamination damage of a composite
structure
• A. Ultrasonic
• B. Eddy current
• C. Liquid penetrant
• A. ultrasonic
• 54. the smallest size cable that may be used in
aircraft primary control systems
• A. 1/8 in
• B. ¼ in
• C. 5/16 in
• A. 1/8 in
• 55. the strength of a well designed and
properly prepared wood splice joint is
provided by the
• A. Bearing surface of the wood fibers
• B. Glue
• C. Reinforcement plates
• B. glue
• 56. made up of two or three pieces of thin
wood glued together with the same direction
• A. Laminated wood
• B. Plywood
• C. Solid wood
• A. Laminated wood
• 57. major alloying element of a 2024
aluminum alloys
• A. Manganese
• B. Copper
• C. silicon
• B. copper
• 58. glue deterioration in wood aircraft
structure is indicated
• A. When a joint has separated and the glue
surface shows only the imprint of the wood
with no wood fibers clinging to the glue
• B. By any joint separation
• C. When a joint has separated and the glue
surface shows pieces of wood and/or wood
fibers clinging to the glue
• A. When a joint has separated and the glue
surface shows only the imprint of the wood
with no wood fibers clinging to the glue
• 59. major alloying element of a 5056
aluminum alloys
• A. Copper
• B. Magnesium
• C. zinc
• B. magnesium
• 60. when balsa wood is used to replace a
damaged honey-comb core, the plug should
be cut so that
• A. The grain is perpendicular to the skin
• B. The grain is parallel to the skin
• C. It is about 1/8 inch undersize to allow
sufficient bonding material to be applied
• A . The grain is perpendicular to the skin
• 61. when inspecting a composite panel using
the ring test or tapping method, a dull thud
may indicate
• A. Separation of the laminates
• B. An area too much matrix between fiber
layers
• C. Less than full strength of the matrix
• A. Separation of the laminates
•
• 62. the length of time catalyzed resin will
remain in a workable state is called
• A. Pot life
• B. Service life
• C. Shelf life
• A. Pot life