DR.

WILFREDO CONDRADA-
LINDONG JR.
Veterinarian III
 To be able to identify common diseases
affecting domestic dogs and cats
 To recognize this diseases based on clinical
signs and symptoms
 To increase the level of awareness and
recognize the importance of disease
surveillance
 Diseases in dogs and cats are classified as
INFECTIOUS, NON-INFECTIOUS, HEREDITARY and
METABOLIC
 People can also spread some diseases (such as
mange, ringworm, kennel cough and canine
influenza) from dog to dog through shared
brushes, collars, bedding, etc. or by petting or
handling an infected pet before petting or
handling another pet.
 Zoonotic disease is an infection or disease
that can be transmitted from an animal to a
human being.
 Rabies is caused by the rabies virus and is
100% fatal in animals once they start to show
signs of disease.
 The virus is spread by saliva, either by a bite
from an infected animal or by saliva
contaminating a skin wound.
 any contact with wildlife (including bats) can
introduce the risk of rabies infection
 rabies infection is preventable with
vaccination
 Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a
morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family
 Puppies and dogs usually become infected
through virus particles in the air or in the
respiratory secretions of infected dogs.
 Infected dogs typically develop runny eyes,
fever, snotty nose, coughing, vomiting,
diarrhea, seizures, and paralysis.
 Disease can be common in areas of low
vaccine coverage.
 The disease has been reported in dogs, bears,
raccoons, ferrets, civets, red pandas,
elephants, and large or exotic cats.
 Animals <6 months are particularly
vulnerable.
 Seizures and myoclonus are two of the more
common signs after neurologic disease
develops several weeks after infection.
-The latter may affect limbs or manifest as
chewing motion of the jaw.
 Ocular disease may also occur
 Infection during pregnancy may lead to
abortion or stillbirth
 Treatment depends on severity of clinical
signs
 If mild respiratory distress occurs, animals
may be treated as outpatients with supportive
care
 If neurologic disturbances are present (eg,
tetraplegia, semicoma, seizure), euthanasia
should be considered.
 Control is accomplished through vaccination.
 After recovery from natural infection or
following booster vaccination, immunity can
persist for years.
 Vaccination for CDV can begin as early as 6–8
weeks of age, with boosters every 2–4 weeks
until at least 16 weeks of age. For naïve
puppies or adults vaccinated after maternal
immunity has waned (approximately 16 weeks
of age) a single live or recombinant vaccine
should be sufficient to induce protection.
 In older vaccinated dogs, an annual or
triennial distemper booster is recommended,
depending on the risk for infection.
 CDV is susceptible to ultraviolet light, heat,
drying, and all routinely used disinfectants.
 Caused by Canine Parvovirus(CPV);
Family:Parvoviridae
 Both indirect and direct contact can efficiently
spread the virus
 The virus may remain infectious for months in
the environment
 Seasonality of infection in other countries has
been reported, most common in July to
September
 CPV-2, recognized as an enteric pathogen, is
the agent of systemic infection and disease.
 On contact with the oral mucosa, the virus
replicates in the local lymphatics, then
spreads rapidly via the lymphatics and
bloodstream, affecting cells systemically.
 incubation period: 4-14 days
 affect dogs between 6 weeks and 2 years of
age
 Vomiting may be observed, followed by
hemorrhagic diarrhea
 Mortality in untreated puppies may exceed
70%; mortality in adult dogs is usually less
than 1%
 Treatment and management of CPV infection
primarily is with aggressive supportive care w/
fluid therapy, antibiotics, antiemetics, and
nutritional support.
 Outpatient therapy typically consists of
subcutaneous fluids with a balanced isotonic
crystalloid, subcutaneous antibiotic therapy
(eg, cefovecin), subcutaneous antiemetic
therapy (eg, maropitant, dolasetron), and oral
potassium supplementation as needed.
 Recovered animals may continue to shed the
virus for at least 2 weeks
 Modified live vaccines are available for CPV-2
prevention
 administer vaccines beginning at 6 to 8 weeks
of age and continuing through at least 16
weeks of age at approximately 3-week
intervals
 Leptospirosis is caused by species of the
Leptospira bacteria
 The bacteria are shed in the urine of infected
animals, and animals and people usually
become infected by drinking contaminated
water or coming into contact with
contaminated soil or food.
 Dogs infected with Leptospira may develop
fever, muscle weakness, vomiting, lethargy,
abdominal pain, and kidney or liver failure.
 Available combination vaccines include a
Leptospira vaccine on it.
 Feline Leukemia Virus is one of the most
commonly diagnosed causes of disease and
death in domestic cats. Because the virus
doesn’t always manifest symptoms right away
 The virus is shed in saliva, nasal secretions,
urine, feces, and milk of infected cats.
 Cat-to-cat transfer of the virus may occur
from a bite wound, Transmission can also take
place from an infected mother cat to her
kittens, either before they are born or while
they are nursing.
Signs of FeLV would include:
 Loss of appetite
 Progressive weight loss
 Poor coat condition
 Enlarged lymph nodes
 Persistent fever
 Pale gums and other mucus membranes
 Inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and mouth (stomatitis)
 Infections of the skin, urinary bladder, and upper respiratory
tract
 Persistent diarrhea
 Seizures, behavior changes, and other neurological disorders
 A variety of eye conditions
 Abortion of kittens or other reproductive failures
 Feline Immunovirus or “Feline AIDS”is a slow-
acting virus, a cat’s immune system is severely
weakened once the disease takes hold.
 "Cat-to-cat transmission; usually through bite
wounds and scratches"
 Occasional transmission of the virus at the time of
birth
 Sexual transmission is uncommon, although FIV
has been detected in semen
 Cats with Feline calicivirus infection often
develop ulcers
 ulcers on the tongue, hard palate, gums, lips
or nose; cats with ulcers in the mouth will
usually salivate or drool excessively
 The typical symptoms of an upper respiratory
infection involve the nose and throat, causing
symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion,
conjunctivitis (inflammation of the membranes
lining the eyelids), and discharges from the
nose or eyes. The discharges may be clear or
may become purulent (containing pus).
 Dogs: Heartworm disease causes lasting
damage to the heart, lungs and arteries, and
can affect the dog’s health and quality of life
 Cats: cats affected by heartworms have no
adult worms, heartworm associated
respiratory disease
 Signs of heartworm disease may include a
mild persistent cough, reluctance to exercise,
fatigue after moderate activity, decreased
appetite, and weight loss. As heartworm
disease progresses, pets may develop heart
failure and the appearance of a swollen belly
due to excess fluid in the abdomen.
 Preventativesare available upon prescription.
A heartworm test SHOULD BE DONE to make
sure the dog doesn't already have adult
heartworms, as giving preventives can lead to
rare but possibly severe reactions that could
be harmful or even fatal.
 Tick-borne pathogens can be passed by the
bite of infected ticks
 Ticks can be infected with bacteria, viruses, or
parasites
 "Ringworm" is the common name given to a
fungal infection of the superficial layers of the
skin, hair and nails.

 classical
appearance of the round, red, raised
'ring' marking the boundary of inflammation in
people infected with the disease.
 The organisms that cause ringworm infections belong to a
specialized group of fungi known as dermatophytes

 Microsporum canis, is responsible for almost all ringworm

infections, and this species is infectious to cats, dogs and
man.
 TVTs are malignant (cancerous) tumors

 transferrable between dogs

 is sexually transmitted through direct skin-to-

skin contact with the tumor that results in
cancer cells being transplanted from dog to
dog
 commonly seen in tropical and subtropical
areas, particularly in Central/South American,
the southern United States, Asia, and Africa

 Dogs of any breed, age, or sex are

susceptible, but it is most commonly observed
in mixed-breed dogs, dogs that are sexually
‘intact’ (not spayed or neutered), and stray
and free-roaming dogs
 ‘cauliflower-like’ nodules, may ulcerate and
bleed
Demodecosis, Scabies