Pakinstan Glycol Presentation

WHAT ARE
GLYCOLS?
Islamabad, Pakistan
April 2001
© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

All rights reserved. Page 1
What are GLYCOLS?
 Glycols used in the oil industry are not

true glycols.
 True glycols are molecules containing two
hydroxy groups and are therefore also
known as DIOLS.
 The simplest of these is ethylene glycol
which is commonly used as anti-freeze.

Correct Terminology is
GLYCOL ETHER!
 The glycols used in drilling fluids are more
correctly referred to as alcohol alkoxylates
and are chemically more closely related to
ethers than to glycols, hence the reference to
them as glycol ethers.
 For ease of reference, the term glycol will be
used throughout this presentation.

How are they MADE?
 These materials are polymers obtained by

the reaction of oxides of ethylene,
propylene or butylene (or mixtures of any
of these) with alcohols.
 The resultant products can have widely
differing physical and chemical properties
depending on the degree of
polymerisation and the starting materials
used.
© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated
All rights reserved.
Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001
Page 4
Other USES?
 Glycols are widely used in other industries

where their solvency and surfactancy
characteristics find many applications.

Physical PROPERTIES
of Glycols!
 The physical properties of glycols

can vary significantly depending
upon the method of production.
 For drilling fluid purposes, one of
the most important properties is
water solubility.

Physical PROPERTIES
of Glycols!
 For proper functioning as cloud

point glycols, they need to be
water soluble at room temperature
which effectively limits the
molecular weight to between 1000
and 2000 depending on glycol
type.

Physical PROPERTIES
of Glycols!
 Higher molecular weight glycols

also become increasingly viscous
leading to potential operational
problems.
–this is not normally a problem for
typical drilling fluid products.

Physical PROPERTIES
of Glycols!
 Because of their higher oxygen

content, ETHLENE based glycols
are more soluble in water and
have higher cloud points than
propylene based materials. They
are also more biodegradable.

Glycol FUNCTIONS!
 Glycols have surfactant properties and

are therefore able to adsorb on suitably
charged surfaces.
–These include clays and shales and, to a
lesser extent, metals.
 Direct ADSORPTION occurs more
effectively when the glycols are in
solution.
–Results in swelling inhibition of reactive
clays.
Glycol FUNCTIONS!
 Laboratory test have shown that

adsorptive mechanisms are strongest
at or near the cloud point when the
competition between the water and the
shale for association with the glycol
most strongly favours the shale.

Glycol FUNCTIONS!
 For this reason, it is necessary to

correctly engineer the glycol in the mud
in order to get the best performance out
of it.
 Used incorrectly, glycols can simply be
a very effective way of increasing mud
cost with little or no performance
benefit.
Glycol FUNCTIONS!
 Mud circulating temperatures,

formation temperature and
requirements for mud salinity must all
be considered when selecting the type
and quantity of glycol to add to the
system.

Glycol MODES of ACTION!
 Different behaviour above and below the

cloud point.
 Below cloud point
– glycol in solution and evenly distributed
throughout the system
– inhibition of swelling by surface adsorption as
individual molecules on clay particles

Glycol MODES of ACTION!
 Above cloud point

–glycol in suspension as a weak emulsion
–provides a protective surface coating on
the borehole wall and on cuttings near the
bottom of the hole
–acts to limit/prevent filtrate invasion and
pressure transmission

Cloud Point
OPTIMISATION!
 The CLOUD-POINT should be:
 Higher than flow-line temperature to avoid

phase separation.
 Between BHCT and formation temperature

beneath the bit.

Cloud Point
OPTIMISATION!
 The CLOUD-POINT should be:
 Adjusted by one of three mechanisms:

– change in glycol concentration
– change in salinity
– change in glycol type/combination

Cloud point behaviour

Glycols are LUBRICIOUS!
Lubricity Coefficient vs. AQUA-COL Concentration

0.14
0.13
Lubricity Coefficient
0.12
0.11
0.1
0.09
0.08
1 3 5 7 8
% AQUA-COL

Pakinstan Glycol Presentation

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Pakinstan Glycol Presentation

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

WHAT ARE

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Glycols used in the oil industry are not

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 These materials are polymers obtained by

 Glycols are widely used in other industries

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 The physical properties of glycols

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 For proper functioning as cloud

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Higher molecular weight glycols

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Because of their higher oxygen

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Glycols have surfactant properties and

 Laboratory test have shown that

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 For this reason, it is necessary to

 Mud circulating temperatures,

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Different behaviour above and below the

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Above cloud point

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Higher than flow-line temperature to avoid

 Between BHCT and formation temperature

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

 Adjusted by one of three mechanisms:

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

© 2001 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pakistan Glycol Presentation – April 2001

Lubricity Coefficient vs. AQUA-COL Concentration

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen