4G 5G

3G
2.5G
2G
1G
0G
PRESENTED BY:
NILESH RAHMATKAR(57)
SHEKHAR TEKADE(67)
DHEERAJ MALVIYA(77)
0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)
• Pre-cellular system
• Half-Duplex communication
• Used in vehicles
• Only 25 channels available
• 20Km range
0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)
 1G
• First-generation wireless
communication technology standards
• Originated in the 80’s
• Analog signal (AMPS)
• Low reach
• Low bit-rate (9600 bps)
• High interference
• Low traffic capacity
• “Brick” Phones - 5 kg weight, battery
last 30 minutes of conversation
 Security Issues with 1G.
• Analog cellular phones are insecure.

• Anyone with an all-band radio

receiver can listen in to the
conversation.
DRAWBACKS :

• 1G Poor voice quality

• Poor battery life
• Large phone size
• No security
• Frequent call drops
• Limited capacity
• Poor handoff reliability.
 2G
• First great update on mobile
communication
• Introduced in the 90’s
• Fully digital network
• GSM – first standard
• Better voice encoding
2G
DRAWBACKS OF 2G
Intermediate technologies: 2G3G
Newer and better bandwidth technologies

2.5G
• GPRS - Newer and better
bandwidth technology

• Bit-rate: 114 kbps

• Working on the basis of emails, it

sends text and graphics-rich data as
packets at very fast speed.
 DRAWBACKS
• The problem, however, was that much of the
digital network was implemented for, or
overlaid onto, proprietary networking
equipment.
• Taken together, 2G and 2.5G technologies are
far from seamless.
• both systems offer digital voice at a relatively
low speed with very little bandwidth left over
for data.
 3G
• WCDMA technology (384kbps)

• Wide band wireless network

• Packet switching

• Global roaming

• Fast communication, internet access, mobile TV,

gaming…
• Voice quality comparable to the public switched
telephone network.

• 144 Kbps data rate available to users in high-speed

motor vehicles over large areas

• 384 Kbps available to pedestrians standing or moving

slowly over small areas

• Support for 2.048 Mbps for office use

DRAWBACKS:

• High bandwidth requirement

• High spectrum licensing fees

• Huge capital
 4G
• Characterised by high-speed data rates.
• In 4G the download speed is up to 100 Mbps
for moving users and 1 Gbps for stationary
users
• Used instead of CDMA

• Lower cost than previous generations

 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G & 4G
Technology 3G 4G

Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec

Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband

Mobile -TV Resolution Low High

Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz

Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz

Network Architecture Wide Area Network Hybrid Network

 ADVANTAGES OF 4G
• Affordable communication services.
• High speed,high capacity and low cost per bit.
• Support for interactive multimedia, voice ,
streaming video, Internet and other
broadband services.
 DRAWBACKS IN 4G
• SMS - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant &
requires more reliability than voice

• E-mail - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant &

requires more reliability.
 5G
• 5G is next major phase of mobile
telecommunications standards
beyond the 4G
• 10 times more capacity and
broadband capabilities than other
• Expected speed 1GB/S
 FEATURES OF 5G
• Bi-directional large bandwidth.
• Large broadcasting.
• Less traffic.
• 25 Mbps connectivity speed.
Hardware & Software of 5G
 ADVANTAGES OF 5G
• Data BW of 1 Gbps or higher
• Globally accessible
• Dynamic information access
 Applications of 5G
• Wearable devices with AI (Artificial
Intelligence) capabilities
• 5G i-phones
• Media independent handover