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Instruction: Group yourselves into four
(4) and do this activity “Kailangan Ko’y
Ikaw”. Make a concept map showing the
persons you turn to in times of troubles
and uncertainties and after, I’m going to
ask a volunteer among the group to present
it to the class. (7mins.)
 “Kailangan Ko’y Ikaw”

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The Discipline of Counseling
 Counseling is a field of
study or a discipline that
is involved in the
provision of advice or
guidance in decision-
making, in particularly in
emotionally significant
situations.
HOW DOES IT HELP TO INDIVODUALS?
 Counseling help individuals to
identify the underlying causes
of symptoms and provide
strategies for changing
unwanted thoughts and
behaviors and also to reduce
the stress and improve their
quality of life.
 Counselors help
clients explore and
understand their
words and so
discover better
ways of thinking
and living.
Goals of Counseling:
 Developmental Goals –
these are those wherein
the client is assisted in
meeting or advancing
his/her anticipated human
growth and development.
 Preventive Goals – a goal in
which the counselor helps
the client avoid some
undesired outcome.
 Enhancement Goals – the
goal to identify and improve
the special skills and abilities
of the client with the help of
the counselor.
Remedial Goals – it involves
helping the client to treat an
undesirable development.

Exploratory Goals – goals which

are appropriate to the examining
of options, testing of skills and
trying of new and different
activities, environments,
relationship, etc.
 Reinforcement Goals – it is
used when clients need help
in recognizing that what they
are doing/thinking/feeling is
okay.
 Cognitive Goals – it involves
acquiring the basic
foundations of learning and
cognitive skills.
 Physiological Goals – it
involves acquiring the basic
understanding and habits for
good health.

 Psychological Goals – it helps

in developing good social
interaction skills, learning
emotional control, developing a
positive self-concept and so on.
Role-Playing (Dyad):
Choose a partner and you are going to
played/practice a counseling session.
This will be your given situation:
You have a friend who’s thinking of
dropping or cutting classes from your
class, how will you help him/her using
the different concepts of counseling.
(10mins.)
Short Quiz about the topic
discussed. (5mins.) – ½ crosswise

1. Define counseling in two to three

sentences.
2. Give at least five goals of
counseling.
3. Give at least five scope of
counseling.
ASSIGNMENT
Instruction: Interview at least two (2) of the
following (Child with a broken family, runaway
teenager, student with failing grades, girl/boy
breakup) and try to assess their dilemmas and
conflict by answering the following questions.

1.How would you describe their current situation?

2.What is their main concern?
3.What do you think originally caused these
problems?
4.What do you think would help solve the problem?