Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Mahmuda Anwar
EDRD 6000, March 2013
Some BasicDefinitions
Sex-refers to the biological difference between men and women. The differences are
concerned with men’s and women’s bodies
Gender-refers to the social difference between men and women based on activities,
roles and responsibilities connected to be a male or female. These differences are
changeable overtime
Gender Relations-refers the social relationships between men and women. Gender
relations vary according to time , place and other relations such as class, race,
ethnicity , disability and so on(March, Smyth & Mukhopadhyay , 1999)
Gender Concepts
Women in Development(WID)
This concept, introduced in the 1970s, focuses on women’s practical needs. It aims to
change the condition of women through women’s participation. Specific women’s project and
support form all development actors were centered to make women more efficient in development
activities/projects.
Gender Mainstreaming
The concept focuses on institutionalizing gender sensitivity and equality. It aims to
mainstream all gender concerns into every aspect of an organizational priorities andprocedures.
“Mainstreaming gender is both a technical and political process which requires shifts in
organizational cultures and ways of thinking, as well as in the goals, structures, and resources
allocation of international agencies , government, andNGOs”(Kardam,1998).
What is GenderAnalysis?
Policy/Program/project
Design
Policy/Program/project
Implementation
Stages of GenderAnalysis
Adapted from “Gender Analysis Toolkit”, 2009
Whatquestions do we ask for Gender Analysis
The Harvard Analytical This is a grid/matrix for collecting data on gender •Easy adaptable to all sectors •Focusing on gender roles
Frame Work roles at individual and community level. It has four •Provides micro level data rather than gender
main components: activity profile; access and control •Helps planners design more relations
over resources ; influencing factors; and project cycle efficient projects and improve •Lackof power analysis
analysis. overall productivity •Time consuming
The Moser It identifies women’s triple role as productive, •Accessible and easy applicable •Assumes women are
Frame Work reproductive and community activities. It is a •The concept of “triple role ” homogenous
(Also known as the planning methodology which tells: division of labour makes all areas of work visible •Time consuming
triple rolesframework) at micro level; gender differences in access to and •Does not highlight other
control over resources; decision making, and forms of inequalities such
WID/GAD policy matrix. asclass and race
Gender Analysis Matrix This is a community–based technique to analyze •Fosters “bottom-up’ analysis •Difficulties defining
gender differences at household and community level through a community
and considers impact on labour, time, resources and community participation •Excludes macro
social cultural factors. and institutional analysis
Capacities Used by external agencies in emergency relief •CVA can be used at all levels- •Does notinclude an
and interventions to meet immediate needs, and to build from the community to the explicit agenda for
Vulnerabilities on people’s strengths to support at long-term social national and even international women’s empowerment
Analysis(CVA) and economic development. level
Fram
e Work
Women’s This frame work might be used to assess how a Focus on gender relation rather •Ignores other aspects of
Empowerment development intervention or programme might than only women’srole empowerment(rights,
Fram support greater women’sempowerment. claims and responsibilities)
e Work
Social The approach uses an institutional analysis in order to •This approach can be use both •Complex analysis
Relatio identify how institutions(community, market , state in policy analysis and in •Emphasis on
n Approach and family) create and reproduceinequalities. development programmes structure and ignores
agency
The People- This framework is an adaptation of the Harvard • Easy to use • Top-down approaches
Oriented Planning Analytical Frame Work and uses to the situation of • Give a clear picture
FrameWork refugees . Aims of the frame work is: to ensure that
Tips for Gender Analysis
I came up with the term “PERFORM” which when expanded summarizes the key
considerations for gender analysis specially in the ruralcontext
Ensure full diversity of women’s and men’s voices and experiences are captured
Find a place for using the tools which is accessible to allmen and women
• Tips for Conducting a Gender Analysis at the Activity or Project Level. (2011,March 17). USAID.
Retrieved from http://transition.usaid.gov/policy/ads/200/201sae.pdf