Members:

Anonuevo, Kenneth
Buque, Adrian
Maniquiz, Kim
Sunga, Jefferson
Alfonso, Sophia
Buenaventura, kian
ashlEy
Ladera, Desiree
Mira, shairene
PARTS
OF
PLOTS
8 2 3 4 5
E B L S S
2 3 8 5 4
B L E S S
5 6 1 8 9 3 2 4 7
P E T NI F GL O

5 4 7 1
_ _ _ _
PLOT
0 9 7 4 1 5 2 8 3 6
I S I E PGC H O D

4 1 0 9 3 6 7 2
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
EPISODIC
3 5 8 2 0 1 7 4 6

E I M R L A R K N

0 5 6 3 1 7
_ _ _ _ _ _
LINEAR
2 4 6 8 0 1 3 5 79

C E I R D R L U AC

9 6 8 2 5 3 7 8
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
CIRCULAR
9 0 5 8 4 2 7 3

E A H T B E C M

8 5 9 3 2
_ _ _ _ _
THEME
5 8 4 3 1 9 7 2 60

MU C V U T L A I E

4 3 5 8 9 71 2 60
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
CUMULATIVE
3 9 0 6 8 7 4 2 1

F T O C N C I L D

6 0 8 3 2 4 7 9
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
CONFLICT
2 4 6 8 9 0 7

I C M A X L N

4 0 2 6 8 9
_ _ _ _ _ _
CLIMAX
1 3 5 7 9

N E J D Z

3 1 7
_ _ _
END
9 1 0 5 6 8 4 3

K L R I E M D D

8 2 3 4 5
_ _ _ _ _
MIDDLE
• Cognitive - To be able to know what is plot,
determine what are primary types of plot, and
learn the elements of a plots.
• Psychomotor - To be able to write a short story
and its plot.
• Affective - To be able to love and apply the
learning about plot.
WHAT IS PLOT?
THE STRUCTURE OF THE ACTION OF A STORY. IN
CONVENTIONAL STORIES, PLOT HAS 3 MAIN
PARTS:
• RISING ACTION - is a series of relevant incidents
that create suspense, interest, and tension in
a narrative. In literary works, a rising action
includes all decisions, characters’ flaws, and
background circumstances that together create
turns and twists leading to a climax. We find it in
novels, plays, and short stories. Rising action is one
of the elements of plot, which begins immediately
after its exposition.
• CLIMAX - Climax, a Greek term meaning “ladder,” is that
particular point in a narrative at which the conflict or tension hits
the highest point. It is a structural part of a plot, and is at times
referred to as a “crisis.” It is a decisive moment or a turning
point in a storyline at which the rising action turns around into
a falling action. Thus, a climax is the point at which a conflict or
crisis reaches its peak, then calls for
a resolutionor denouement (conclusion). In a five-act play, the
climax is close to the conclusion of act 3. Later in the 19th
century, five-act plays were replaced by three-act plays, and
the climax was placed close to the conclusion or at the end of
the play.
• FALLING ACTION - occurs right after the climax, when the main
problem of the story resolves. It is one of the elements of
the plot of the story, the other elements being exposition, rising
action, climax, and resolution. Falling action wraps up
the narrative, resolves its loose ends, and leads toward the
closure.

LEADING TO A RESOLUTION OR DENOUEMENT

(HARRIS AND HODGES,1995)
WHAT IS PLOT?

A SEQUENCE OF EVENTS THAT OCCURS TO

CHARACTERS IN SITUATIONS IN THE BEGINNING,

MIDDLE, AND END OF A STORY.

(HANCOCK, 2004)
 TYPES OF PLOTS!
LINEAR
• CONSTRUCTED LOGICALLY AND NOT BY
COINCIDENCE.
3 MAJOR PARTS
BEGINNING
MIDDLE
END
• EXAMPLES ARE: FOLKTALES AND FICTIONAL
BOOKS
 TYPES OF PLOTS!
EPISODIC
• ONE INCEDENT OR SHORT EPISODE IS
LINKED TO ANOTHER BY COMMON
CHARACTERS OR A UNIFIED THEME.
• FEATURES DISTINCT EPISODES THAT ARE
RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER BUT THAT
ALSO CAN BE READ INDIVIDUALLY,
ALMOST AS STORIES BY THEMSELVES.
 TYPES OF PLOTS!
CUMULATIVE
• PLOTS WITH LOTS OF REPETITION OF
PHRASES, SENTENCES, OR EVENTS WITH
ONE NEW ASPECT ADDED WITH EACH
REPETITION.
• EXAMPLE:THE GINGERBREAD MAN AND
THE GREAT, BIG, ENORMOUS TURNIP.
 TYPES OF PLOTS!
CIRCULAR
THE CHARATERS IN THE STORY END UP IN
THE SAME PLACE THAT THEY WERE AT THE
BEGINNING OF THA STORY.
EXAMPLES:
IF YOU GIVE A MOUSE A COOKIE
(NUMEROFF,1985) AND WHERE THE WILD
THINGS ARE(SENDAK,1963).
STORIES WITH CUMULATIVE OR CIRCULAR

PLOTS SHOULD NOT BE USED TO TEACH

THE COMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE

TEXT BECAUSE THEY DO NOT PROVIDE A

COMPLETE NARRATIVE/STORY STRUCTURE.

 LITERARY TERMINOLOGY AND READING RESEARCH: A COMPARISON
LITERARY TERMINOLOGY READING-COMPREHENSIONRESEARCH
TERMINOLOGY
BEGINNING BEGINNING
SETTING SETTING
CHARACTERS CHARACTERS

PLOT: PLOT:
INITIATING EVENT INITIATING EVENT
CONFLICT/PROBLEM CHARACTER GOALS
CONFLICT/PROBLEM

MIDDLE MIDDLE
PLOT: PLOT:
TURNING POINT CHARACTER GOALS
CRISIS CHARACTER ATTEMPS TO REACH HIS/HER
RISING ACTION GOALS
CLIMAX
SUBPLOT
PARALLEL EPISODES
 LITERARY TERMINOLOGY AND READING RESEARCH: A COMPARISON

LITERARY TERMINOLOGY READING-COMPREHENSIONRESEARCH

TERMINOLOGY

END END
PLOT: PLOT:
RESOLUTION OUTCOME
DENOUEMENT ENDING
FALLING ACTION
ENDING

THEME: STATEMENT GIVING THE UNDERLYING TRUTH ABOUT PEOPLE, SOCIETY OR

THE HUMAN CONDITION, EITHER EXPLICITY OR IMPLICITY (LUKENS, 2007).
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