wewb‡qvM

eZ©gvb mÂq n‡Z fwelr̈ gybvdv AR©b,

m‡qi Dc‡hvwMZv eRvq ivLv Ges cÖe„w×
AR©‡bi Rb¨ `xN© ‡gqv‡` m‡qi eënvi‡KB
wewb‡qvM e‡j| `xN© ‡gqv‡` Avw_©K jÿ¨
AR©b ev fwelr̈ eq̈ wbe©v‡ni Rb¨
wewb‡qvM Kiv nq| weP¶Y wewb‡qvM ‡hgb
`xN© ‡gqv‡` m¤ú‡`i e…w× NUvq, ‡Zgwb
Awe‡ePbv cÖm~Z wewb‡qvM m¤ú‡`i
n«vm NUvq|
 wewb‡qvM

wewb‡qv‡Mi wZb ¯Í¤¢ t

1. Zvij¨
2. wbivcËv
3. Avq ev cÖe…w×
 Avgvi ‡Kvb ‡Kvb
wewb‡qvM weKí Av‡Q
• ev̈s‡Ki ‡cbkb ¯‹xg, mÂq wnmve,
¯’vqx AvgvbZ
• exgv ‡Kv¤úvwbi wewfbœ ¯‹xg
• cuywRevRv‡ii wewfbœ
wmwKDwiwUR, BKyB̈wU,
wgDPyqv̈j dvÛ, AjUvi‡bwUf
Bb‡fó‡g›U dvÛ, eÛ BZv̈w`|
 Avw_©K cwiKíbv
fwel¨‡Zi Avw_©K ¯^v”Q›` jv‡fi Rb¨ Avw_©K cwiKíbv Kivi GLbB
DrK…ó mgq| GKwU DËg Avw_©K cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g fwel¨‡Zi Avw_©K
Ae¯’v‡K mn‡RB wbqš¿b Kiv hvq|¯^cœ ev j¶¨AR©b Ki‡Z nq GKwU
`xN©‡gqvw` Avw_©K cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi gva¨‡g|Avevi Rxe‡bi
c«wZwU c`‡¶‡c wewfbœ A_©‰bwZK evavi mv‡_ c«wZwbqZ
mgš^q K‡i Pj‡Z nq|DËg cš’vq mgš^q KivB nj Avw_©K cwiKíbvi
Ask|Z‡e g‡b ivLv `iKvi ‡h, Avw_©K cwiKíbv GKwU c«wµqv, ‡Kvb
wewb‡qvM cY¨bq|

GKRb eẅ³i Avw_©K Rxe‡bi QqwU ch©vqµwgK NUbvt

A_©bxwZwe`Mb GKgZ ‡cvlb K‡ib ‡h, GKRb eẅ³i Avw_©K Rxeb
wb‡gœv³ QqwU ch©vqµwgK NUbv Øviv AvewZ©Z nqt
1. c«viw¤¢K ‡ckv
2. ‡ckvMZ Dbœqb I cwievi c«wZcvjb
3. Aemi-c~e© I m‡e©v”P DcvR©‡bi eQi mg~n
4.mwµq Aemi
5. wbw¯Œq Aemi
আর্থক
ি পর্িকল্পনাি ধাপসমূহ
1)
eZ©gvb
Avw_©K
7) Ae¯’v
cwiKíbv wbiƒcb 2) eq̈ I
ch©v‡jv mÂq
Pbv I wPwýZK
cyYwe© iY
‡ePbv

6) 3)
Avw_©K Avw_©K
cwiKíbv jÿ¨
cÖ¯‘Z I wba©vi
ev¯Íevqb Y
5) SuywK,
UvKvi gvb,
RxebhvÎv, 4) weKí
eẅ³MZ
g~j¨‡eva, cwiKíbv
A_©‰bwZK mg~n
Dcv`vb
we‡ePbv KiY I wPwýZK
weKí iY
cwiKíbvmg~n
g~jv̈qY
 SMART INVESTOR m¤úwK©Z
aviYv
Smart Gi A¶i mg~n A¶i mg~n wb‡q SMART bq SMART
kãvejx
S Avwg wewb‡qvM Avwg ev̈sK mÂq,
Ki‡Z PvB| ‡cbkb ev Avw_©K
Specific m¤ú` ev
wmwKDwiwU‡R
wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z PvB|
M Avwg wKQy UvKv Avwg 20,000 UvKv
wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z
Measurable
PvB| PvB|

A Av‡qi m¤ú~Y© Ask LiP wbqš¿b K‡i mÂq

Achievable mÂq Ki‡Z PvB| Ki‡Z PvB|

R jUvwi wR‡Z wewb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨

Realistic wewb‡qvM Kie| mÂq ïi“ Kie|

T fwel¨‡Z ‡Kvb mg‡q gv‡m 2,000 UvKv K‡i

 wewb‡qvMKvixi SyuwK
‡cÖvdvBj
fwel¨‡Zi Avw_©K Pvwn`vmg~‡ni Zyjbvq A‡b‡Ki ‡¶‡Î m‡qi cwigvY Kg
nIqv ¯^vfvweK| Giƒc ‡¶‡Î wewb‡qvMKvix Zvi m¤ú‡`i myôz e›U‡bi gva¨‡g
wewb‡qv‡Mi Avq e…w× Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wewfbœ m¤ú` ‡k«Yxi g‡a¨SyuwKi
ZviZg¨wfbœ wfbœ| AwaK SyuwKi m¤ú`/wewb‡qvM n‡Z AvqI AwaK| ZvB
wewb‡qvM c«wµqvq m¤ú` e›Ub LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| GKRb wewb‡qvMKvix
KZUyKy SyuwK M«nY Ki‡eb Zv wbfi« Ki‡e Zvi cvwicvwk¦©K, Avw_©K I
gvbwmK Ae¯’vi Dci| Avi GUvB n‡jv wewb‡qvMKvixi SyuwK ‡c«vdvBj| ZvB
wewb‡qvMKvix‡K AekB̈ Zvi wb‡Ri SyuwK ‡c«vdvBj eyS‡Z n‡e| SyuwK
‡c«vdvBj eyS‡Z bx‡Pi c«‡kœi DËi wewb‡qvMKvix‡K LyuR‡Z n‡et

(1) Avwg wK ai‡bi wewb‡qvMKvix?

(2) Avwg wK SyuwK wb‡Z c«¯‘Z?
(3) Avwg wK SyuwK wb‡Z Awb”QyK?
 Zvij¨, wbivcËv I Av‡qi Dci wfwË K‡i
wewb‡qvM c‡Y¨i QK
বাজার সমূহ বববিয় াগ পণ্য তারল্য বিরপত্তা আ বববিয় াগ হয়ত আয় র
সমূহ উপর আ কর
ব্াাংককি চলর্ি র্হসাব ননই বিাং নকান আ ননই র্বধা
এ জমা/র্বর্নক াগ AZ¨vwaK AwaK ব্াাংক চাজি আ কি প্রক াজ্ ন
আকে
ব্াাংককি সঞ্চ র্হসাব কম িকব আ কি প্রক াজ্
এ জমা/র্বর্নক াগ AwaK AwaK ব্াাংক চাজি
আকে
ব্াাংককি স্থা ী আ কি প্রক াজ্

gy`ªv evRvi
আমানি র্হসাব এ মধ্ম AwaK মধ্ম
জমা/র্বর্নক াগ
আ কি প্রক াজ্, িকব
বেকিি নমাট ৬০,০০০ টাকা
নপনশন সঞ্চ স্কীম মধ্ম AwaK মধ্ম সঞ্চক ি ওপি র্নর্দি ষ্ট হাকি
র্বর্নক াগ নি াি পাও া া
সিকািী সঞ্চ পত্র মধ্ম AZ¨vwaK মধ্ম GB †ÿ‡Î AvqKi cÖ`vbKv‡j
AvqKi wi‡eU myweav
cvIqv hvq|
ইকয্ইটট মধ্ম AwaK Awbw`©ó আ কিমযক্ত
†NvwlZ jf¨vsk
বন্ড মধ্ম মধ্ম AwaK আ কি প্রক াজ্

cyuwR র্মউচু াল ফান্ড মধ্ম AwaK AwaK আ কিমযক্ত

evRvi
`xN© †gqv‡` আ কি প্রক াজ্ িকব
অল্টািকনটটভ কম নবর্শ AwaK Impact Fund এি মাধ্কম
ইনকভস্টকমন্ট ফান্ড Train the trainer ব্াপক সামাজজক 9
উন্ন কনি সযক াগ আকে
 Financial System
MOF
BSEC IDRA MCRA BB
Capital Micro Money
Insurance
Market Credit Market
Exchange Equity, Bond, Current
Insurance
Depository Debenture, MCI Bank Savings
CCP ABS, ETF Company STD

Broker, MB. Insurance FDR, DPS

MF, VC, PE, Microcredit
AMC, FM, CRA,
IF,SUKUK Policies Products NBFI Other
DP, Trustee Etc. Products

Company Derivative,
Govt. Structured
Other Issuer Product

Regulators Financial Markets

Government
Financial Institutions Financial Instruments
Money Circulation
 cyuwRevRvi

cyuwRevRv‡ii gva¨‡g wewb‡qvMKvix‡`i mÂq‡K wewfbœ

wmwKDwiwUR Bmÿi gva¨‡g mPj I mÂvjb Kiv nq| welqwU
GiKg bq ‡h, mÂqKvix Znwej eënviKvixi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i
wmwKDwiwU‡Ri wewbg‡q c~uwR Z_v Znwej mieivn K‡ib|
G‡¶‡Î Znwej eënviKvix KZ©…K c«¯—vweZ wmwKDwiwUR
mÂqKvixi Pvwn`v I cQ‡›`i mv‡_ mvgÄmc̈~Y© bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
‡mRb¨evRvi ga¨¯’ZvKvixMb (÷K ‡e«vKvim,
wgDPÿqvj/AjUvi‡bwUf dvÛ e믒vcK, gv‡P©›U ev̈sKvim
BZv̈w`) mÂqKvix‡K Zvi Pvwn`v I cQ‡›`i mv‡_ mvgÄmc̈~Y
wmwKDwiwU‡R wewb‡qv‡Mi c_ cÖ`k©K I mvnvhK̈vix
wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| G·‡PÄ, wmwWweGj, wmwmwc BZv̈w`
AvZ¥-wbqvgK ms¯’v mÂq Z_v wewb‡qvMKvix Ges Znwej
eënviKvix‡K GKwÎZ K‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨‡jb‡`b Kivi my‡hvM Ges
 cyuwRevRv‡i wewb‡qv‡Mi cbm̈g~n

BKzB̈wU †kqvi t & Bnv †Kv¤úvwbi cwi‡kvwaZ g~ja‡bi

ÿz`ªZg Ask hv‡Z wewb‡qvM Kivi gva¨‡g GKRb
wewb‡qvMKvix hv †Kv¤úvbxi gvwjKvbv ¯^‡Ë¡i AwaKvix
nb|
`yB Dcv‡q BKzB̈wU‡Z wewb‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡it

cÖvBgvix gv‡K©‡Ui gva¨‡g (AvBwcI Av‡e`b K‡i)

†m‡KÛvix gv‡K©‡Ui gva¨‡g (÷K G•‡P‡Ä ZvwjKvfz³ †kqvi
µ‡qi gva¨‡g)

Bond (FYcÎ)t FYcÎ GKwU Pzw³wfwËK m¤§wZcÎ hv Bmyq̈vi

Ges FYcÎ ¯^Ë¡vwaKvixi gv‡S n‡q _v‡K Ges hvi Dci
wewb‡qvMKvix wbw`©ó nv‡i (Coupon Rate) wbw`©ó
mg‡q my`/gybvdv †c‡q _v‡K| †Kv¤úvwb, Avw_©K
 cyuwRevRv‡i wewb‡qv‡Mi cYm̈g~n

Bond (FYc‡Îi) êwkóẗ

1) BmyK̈vix t †Kv¤úvwb, Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, miKvi, miKvix ms¯’v,

ivóª
2) Maturity t Aemvq‡bi mgq
3) Par Value / AwfwnZ g~j¨t e‡Û DwjøwLZ g~j¨
4) Kzcb †iU t my` nvi

Traditional Bond (MZvbyMwZK FYcÎ)t MZvbyMwZK FYc‡Îi †ÿ‡Î

my`nvi ¯’vqx _v‡K Ges wbw`©ó mgq cici cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

Zero Coupon Bond (k~b¨Kzcb FYcÎ)t mvavibZ evÆvi wfwˇZ Bmy¨

Kiv nq| AwfwnZ g~‡j¨i Kg g~‡j¨Bmy¨†gqv`v‡šÍi my`mn Avmj cÖ`vb
Kiv nq hv e‡Ûi AwfwnZ g~j¨|
 cyuwRevRv‡i wewb‡qv‡Mi
cYm̈g~n

CIS ev wgDPzq̈vj dvÛt CIS ev wgDPzq̈vj dvÛ

n‡”Q GK cÖKvi wewb‡qvM, †h wewb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g
wewb‡qvMKvix‡`i wbKU †_‡K BDwbU weµ‡qi
gva¨‡g A_© msMÖn K‡i m¤ú` e믒vcK †kqvi, FYcÎ,
¯^í mg‡qi Rb¨wewb‡qvM‡hvM¨`wj‡j BZv̈w` m¤ú‡`
wewb‡qvM K‡i Ges GB GKwÎZ wewb‡qvM†K
wewb‡qvM‡hvM¨`wj‡j iƒcvšÍi K‡i| hv wgDPzq̈vj
dv‡Ûi †cvU©‡dvwjI bv‡g cwiwPZ| cÖwZ BDwb‡Ui
wewb‡qvMKvix H dv‡Ûi gvwjKvbvi Ask cÖvc¨nq
Ges †mB Abyhvqx wewb‡qvMKvix Avq †c‡q _v‡K|
 cyuwRevRv‡i wewb‡qvM
c‡Y¨i wewfbœ êwkó¨ Common
(mvaviY †kqvi)
share Bond (&FYcÎ) Debenture Mutual Fund (Uªv÷
(FY ¯^xKvi AvKv‡i MwVZ dvÛ)
cÎ)
1) Ownership of Claims (gvwjKvbv ¯^Ë¡ nu¨v bv bv n¨uv
`vex Kiv)
2) Investor Income (wewb‡qvMKvixi Avq) jf¨vsk Ges ewa©Z ïaygvÎ my` ïaygvÎ my` jf¨vsk Ges ewa©Z
g~jabx Avq g~jabx Avq
3) Voting right (gZ cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi) nu¨v bv bv n¨uv
4) Contractual Agreement (Pzw³wfwËK bv nu¨v nu¨v bv
m¤§wZ)
5) Nature of Income (Avq aiY) cwieZ©bkxj ¯’vqx ¯’vqx cwieZ©bkxj
6) Collateral Backing (mnRvgvbZ) bv n¨uv n¨uv n¨uv
7) Types of Security (Rvgvb‡Zi aiY) AmyiwÿZ (Unsecured) myiwÿZ Ges AmyiwÿZ AmyiwÿZ
AmyiwÿZ (Unsecured)
8) Risk Involvement (SzuwKi Ae¯’vb) jf¨vsk I cyuwRi wewb‡qvM wewb‡qvM †ÿ‡Îi
†ÿ‡Î(cwiPvjbMZ Avq I wewb‡qvMK… K…Z A_© SyuwK
e¨emvi Ae¯’v) Z A_© cÖ`v‡b cÖ`v‡b
AÿgZv AÿgZv
9)Liquidity (Zvij¨) †h †Kvb mgq †gqv`v‡šÍ †gqv`v‡šÍ mvaviYZ †h †Kvb mgq
10) µge„w× (Growth) ¯’vqx wbw`©ó wbw`©ó wewb‡qv‡Mi Dci
wbf©ikxj
11) Redemption Aemvqb bvB ¯^vfvweK mgq ¯^vfvweK Dfq
(Aemvqb) Aemvqb mgq
Aemvqb
12) Conversion option (iƒcvšÍ‡ii my‡hvM) In case of conversion FYPzw³‡Z _vK‡j FYPzw³‡Z iƒcvšÍ‡ii my‡hvM †bB|
option for preferential _vK‡j
share
 Avw_©K weeiwYi mvaviY welqvw`
Cash Flow
Balance Sheet Income Statement
Statement Statement of Notes to the
Changes in Auditors’ Report
Accounts
Statement of Statement of Statement of Cash Equity
Assets, Liabilities Income, Expenses, Inflows and
and Owners Profit or Loss for a Outflows during a
equity at a certain certain period of certain period of
date time time
Statement of Explanations Auditors’
Changes in , detailed opinion on
the position descriptions, quality of
of break-ups maintenance
Shareholders and of the books
’ Equity from calculations of accounts
the date of of different and
Assets:
last Financial components compliance
Land, Machinery, Cash Flow
Cash, Statements of the of
Receivables, from Financial accounting
Investment, Operating Statements principles
Stocks. Raw Activities
Materials, Total Income and
Intellectual > Total Cash Flow standards in
Properties etc.
Expenses = from respect of
Liabilities: Profit Financing preparation
All loans and Activities of the
Advances, Total Income
and Financial
Payables, < Total
Creditors etc.
Cash Flow Statements
Expenses =
Shareholders’
Equity: Loss from
Paid-up Capital,
Investing
Reserve, Surplus Activities
and Retain
Earnings
Train the trainer 17
Risk-Return Relationship
Trend of Savings with
Income
Expense habits with Changes in
Interest Rate
Structure of Finance & Investment
cyuwRevRv‡i we‡eP¨ m~PK
mg~n
 Portfolio Management
Art and Science of making decisions about
 Step 1 : Get The Cash

• Portion of Income

• Life savings

• Inheritance

• Loan

• A mix of all
 Step 2 : Set The Purpose And
Target
• Purpose of the portfolio
– Living expenses
– Provision for future event
– Retirement
– Children’s education and marriage

• Target return
But, Do not forget the Risk!
 Step 3 : Investment Focus
Growth High growth in business and profit

Stocks Future expectation is the major driver; inherently risky

Low dividend yield

Relatively higher valuation

Go well with long term purposes like retirement or provision for future event

Value Slow growth in business and profit

Stocks Existing business and assets backed valuation

High dividend yield

Relatively lower valuation

Go well with regular cash requirement needs like maintaining living expenses
 Portfolio Construction
• Diversification can mitigate risk most powerfully.
• But, over-diversification might dilute return potential.
Avoid Herd Behavior
Don’t be Overconfident
AvqKi msµvšÍ myweavw` I AvqKi
cwiKíbv
• wewb‡qv‡Mi Dci 15% ch©šÍ Ki †iqvZ
• mvaviY wewb‡qvMKvixi gyjabx jvf
(Capital gain) m¤ú~Y© Kigy³
• †kqvi n‡Z cÖvß jfv̈sk eve` Av‡qi Kigy³
mxgv 25,000/- UvKv
• wgDPzq̈vj dvÛ BDwbU n‡Z cÖvß
jfv̈sk ev Av‡qi Kigy³ mxgv 25,000/-
UvKv
• ÷K wWwf‡WÛ‡K Ki‡hvM¨Avq wn‡m‡e
we‡ePbv Kiv nq bv Z‡e Dr‡m Ki
 wewb‡qvMKvix KZ©„K AZv̈ekK̈xq
we‡eP¨welq mg~n
1| †kqv‡ii gyj¨Avq AbycvZ (P/E) †`Lyb|
2| ‡kqvi cÖwZ m¤ú` g~j¨(NAV) †`Lyb|
3| ‡kqvi cÖwZ Avq (EPS) ‡`Lyb|
4| ‡gvU ‡kqv‡ii msLv̈ †`Lyb|
5| wWwf‡W›W eÛt †kqv‡ii evRi g~j¨†ewkifvM †ÿ‡Î AwfwnZ g~‡jÏ †P‡q
†ewk n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB jfv̈s‡ki nvi cÖK…Z wiUvY© wb‡`©k K‡i bv|
wWwf‡W›W eÛB †kqv‡ii mwVK wiUvY©| evRvi g~‡j¨i wfwˇZ cÖvc¨
jfv̈sk wewb‡qv‡Mi KZ kZvsk ZvB n‡”Q wWwf‡W›W eÛ|
6| MZ 3-4 eQ‡ii Uªv̈K †iKW© †`Lyb| evwl©K Mo gyj¨†`Lyb|
7| wWGmBÕi mvB‡U cÖKvwkZ MZ 5-6 gv‡mi Lie †`Lyb|
8| wWGmB GLb 4 gvm ci ci †Kv¤úvwbi AvwY©s wi‡cvU© †`q| GKUz
gv_v LvUv‡jB eQi †k‡l Kx cwigvY jvf n‡Z cv‡i Zv Rvbv m¤¢e|
9| Avcwb †h †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi web‡eb †m †Kv¤úvwbi goodwill I Zvi
cwiPvjK‡`i e믒vcbv `ÿZv mvgvwRK w`KUvI we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e|
 ‡jb‡`‡bi m‡½ ‡Kv¤úvwbi
Kv̈UvMwii m¤úK©
Kv̈UvMwii m‡½ ‡jb‡`b wb®úwËi mgq I
gvwR©b FY (Margin loan) m¤úwK©Z
wKQy welq RwoZ| eZ©gv‡b G, we I Gb
Kv̈UvMwii ‡kqvi ‡jb‡`b T+2 c×wZ
wb®úbœ nq| A_©vr ‡kqvi ‡Kbvi Z…Zxq
w`‡b ‡µZv Zvi ‡kqvi ‡c‡q hvb| GKBfv‡e
‡kqvi wewµi UvKv ‡c‡ZI wZb w`b mgq
jv‡M| ‡RW KÜvMwii ‡¶‡Î UvKv ev ‡kqvi
‡c‡Z c«‡qvRb 10 Kg©w`em| KviY GB
Kv̈UvMwii ‡Kv¤úvwbi ‡kqvi ‡jb‡`b
wb®úbœ nq T+9 c×wZ‡Z| ‡RW
KÜvMwii ‡Kvb wmwKDwiwUR µ‡qi Rb¨
 Avcbvi Awf‡hvM wb®úwËKi‡bi
Rb¨KiYxq
• cyuwRevRvi wbqš¿YKvix ms¯’vi
bvbvwea c`‡ÿc _vKv m‡Ë¡I †h †Kvb
cÖKvi Am½wZi wel‡q Awf‡hvM
Kiv I Zvi myivnv cvIqvi my‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î Awf‡hvMKvix evsjv‡`k
wmwKDwiwUR Av̈Û G·‡PÄ
Kwgkbmn cyuwRevRvi mswkøó
Abv̈b¨cÖwZôvbmg~‡n Awf‡hvM
`vwLj Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Awf‡hvM `vwL‡ji
 Awf‡hvM wb®úwËKib

Awf‡hvM hvi m¤ú‡K© ‡hLv‡b †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z

n‡e
Bmyq̈vi/‡Kv¤úvwb mswkøó ÷K G·‡PÄ
‡eªKv‡iR nvDm/‡UªK †nvìvi mswkøó ÷K G·‡PÄ
wgDPzq̈vj dvÛ/ mswkøó ÷K G·‡PÄ
Aëvi‡bwUf Bb‡f÷‡g›U dvÛ
wW‡cvwRUwi mvwf©m ‡m›Uªvj wW‡cvwRUwi
evsjv‡`k wjwg‡UW
(weGmBwm‡K Abywjwc
cÖ`vb c~e©K)
÷K G·‡PÄ mswkøó mswkøó óK
G·‡PÄ
(weGmBwm‡K Abywjwc
Awf‡hvMKvix cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a cyuwRevRvi mswkøó we‡kl Av`vj‡Zi
mnvqZv wb‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ`vb c~e©K) 35
 Z_v̈w` cÖvwß

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