Sessions on Disaster Management

1. Leadership and Disaster Management

2. Disaster Management Landscape in Pakistan
3. Disaster Management Phases
4. ??
5. ??
6. ??
7. ??
Most frequent Natural Hazards in Pakistan
 Top 10 Natural Disasters in Pakistan
sorted by numbers of killed (1900 to 2014)
Disaster Date No Killed
Earthquake 8/10/2005 73,338
Earthquake 31/05/1935 60,000
Storm 15/12/1965 10,000
Earthquake 28/12/1974 4,700
Earthquake 27/11/1945 4,000
Flood 1950 2,900
Flood 28/07/2010 1,985
Flood 8/9/1992 1,334
Flood 2/3/1998 1,000
Flood Jun-1977 848
Flood Sept -2014 367
Source: "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database www.em-dat.net -
Université Catholique de Louvain - Brussels - Belgium"
 Top 10 Natural Disasters in Pakistan
sorted by numbers of total affected people (1900 to 2014)

Disaster Date Total number of people

affected
Flood 11- Sep-2014 25,311,400
Flood 28-Jul-2010 20,359,496
Flood 9-Feb-2005 7,000,450
Flood 8-Sep-1992 6,655,450
Flood 15-Jul-1992 6,184,418
Flood 2-Aug-1976 5,566,000
Flood 12-Aug-2011 5,400,755
Earthquake 8-Oct-2005 5,128,309 Source: "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED
International Disaster Database www.em-
Flood Aug-1973 4,800,000 dat.net - Université Catholique de Louvain -
Brussels - Belgium"
Flood Jul-1978 2,246,000

Drought Nov-1999 2,200,000

Outline:
 Understanding
 Hazard
 Disaster
 Dynamics of Disasters
 Classification of Disasters
 Disaster Management
 Disaster Management Phases
1. Preparedness for
 Prevention/Mitigation

2. Readiness
3. Response
4. Recovery and Rehabilitation
Introduction
Hazard
 Any INCIDENT OR EVENT that has the
positional to cause disruption or
damage to people and their
environment.

 When hazard involves elements of risks,

vulnerabilities, and capacities, they can
turn into disasters.
Disaster
 An occurrence either nature or man made that
causes human sufferings and creates human
needs that victim cannot alleviate without
assistance. (ref: ARC)

 A disaster is a natural or manmade event

which results in widespread human loss, loss
of livelihood, property and life
Hazard verses Disaster
• A hazard in itself is not a disaster
• It has the potential to become one when it
happens to populations who have certain
vulnerabilities and insufficient capacity to respond
to it.
• The potential or probability of a hazard becoming
a disaster is called risk.
Hazard may be inevitable
but disasters can be
prevented.
Dynamics of Disasters
Disaster Types:
Disaster Types:
Disaster Types:
Goals of Disaster Management:
(1) Reduce, or avoid, losses from hazards;

(2)Assure prompt assistance to victims;

(3)Achieve rapid and effective recovery.

Before
Impact

During
Impact

After
Impact
Phases of Disaster Management
1 • Preparedness

2 • Response

3 • Recovery

4 • Mitigation
Disaster preparedness
 Refers to measures taken to prepare for and reduce the
effects of disasters.

 To predict and, where possible, prevent disasters,

 Mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations, and

respond to and effectively cope with their
consequences.
Disaster preparedness
 Disaster preparedness provides a platform to
design effective, realistic and coordinated
planning, reduces duplication of efforts
and increase the overall effectiveness of
National Societies, household
and community members disaster
preparedness and response efforts.
Disaster preparedness
 Ongoing multisectoral activity.
 Integral part of the national system responsible for
developing plans and programmes for
 disaster management,
 prevention,
 mitigation,
 response,
 rehabilitation and
 reconstruction.
Contd….
 Co-ordination of a variety of sectors to carry out-
 Evaluation of the risk.
 Adopt standards and regulations.
 Organize communication and response mechanism.
 Ensure all resources- ready and easily mobilized.
 Develop public education programmes.
 Coordinate information with news media.
 Disaster simulation exercises.
 Keeping stock of foods, drug and other essential
commodities.
Disaster Response..
 It also may involve initial repairs to damaged
infrastructure.

 The focus in the response phase is on

meeting the basic needs of the people until
more permanent and sustainable solutions
can be found.
Disaster Response
Immediate reaction to disaster as the disaster is
anticipated, or soon after it begins in order to assess
the needs, reduce the suffering, limit the spread and
consequences of the disaster, open up the way to
rehabilitation.
By-
 Mass evacuation
 Search and rescue
 Emergency medical services
 Securing food and water
 Maintenance of Law & Order
Concluding Remarks
Sura Al-baqra: 155

ٍ ‫ف َو ْال ُجوعِ َونَ ْق‬

‫ص ِ ِّم َن‬ ِ ‫ش ْي ٍء ِ ِّم َن ْالخ َْو‬
َ ‫َولَنَ ْبلُ َونَّ ُكم ِب‬
ِ ‫ْاْل َ ْم َوا ِل َو ْاْلَنفُ ِس َوالث َّ َم َرا‬
ِّ ِ َ‫ت ۗ َوب‬
‫ش ِر‬
﴾١٥٥﴿ ‫ين‬ َ ‫صا ِب ِر‬
َّ ‫ال‬

And We will surely test you with something of fear

and hunger and a loss of wealth and lives and fruits,
but give good tidings to the patient,
Thank you for Patience
Listening