CRITICAL

THINKING

DR. MERRY INDAH SARI, M.MED.ED

BAGIAN PENDIDIKAN KEDOKTERAN
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNILA
 HOW THE RELATIVITY
THEORY WAS FOUND?
 Learning objectives

 Mampu menjelaskan definisi critical thinking

 Mampu menjelaskan elemen critical thinking
 Mampu menjelakan universal intelectual standard
 Mampu menjelaskan permasalahan penerapan critical
thinking
 Mampu menerapkan crtical thinking
Introduction

Active learning
Problem solving

Critical thinking
PBL
Team work
DEFINITION

 Critical thinking is the art of analyzing and evaluating

thinking with a view to improving it.
 “the intellectually disciplined process of actively and
skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing,
synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered
from, or generated by,
observation,experience,reflection, reasoning, or
communication, as a guide to belief and action”
 Self
disciplined

Self Self
directed monitored

Critical
thinking
Elements of thought
Universal Intelectual standard to
asses thinking
Well cultivated thinker

Raise vital
Gather and asses Well reasoned
question,formulating
relevant info conclusion
clear and precise

Communicates
Thinks openmindedly
effectively
THERE IS A SHIFT IN LEARNING PARADIGM FROM TEACHER
CENTERED LEARNING TO STUDENT CENTERED LEARNING
Stages for critical thinking
development
 Problem

Egocentric
thinking Sociocentric
thinking
Barrier for teaching

Lack of
Lack of training
information

Time
preconception
constraints
Intellectual traits
Conclusion

 Critical thinking is an important skill for life long learning

 Critical thinker always improve their reasoning skill
 Never think simplistically about complicated issues
 Paul R, Elder L. The miniature guide for critical thinking: concepts
and tools. California . Avalaible at www.criticalthinking.org.
 Shahin ES, Tork HM. Critical thinking and self-directed learning as an outcome of
problem-based learning among nursing students in Egypt and Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2013: 3:12
 Snyder LG, Snyder MJ. Teaching critical thinking and problem solving skills. The delta
pi epilon journal, 2008: L: No. 2, Spring/Summer