packaging

packaging
What is it actually?
{ Packaging is the technology of enclosing or
protecting products for distribution, storage,
sell, and use. Packaging also refers to the
process of designing, evaluating, and producing
packages. Packaging can be described as a
coordinated system of preparing goods for
transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end
use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves,
transports, informs, and sells. }
Types of
Packaging
 PACKAGING
Sphere Hexagonal Cubic
Sphere Packing
 “
{ In geometry, a Sphere Packing is an
arrangement of
non-overlapping spheres within a
containing space. }
SPHERE PACKAGING
+Irregular packing +Hyper sphere packing
+Regular packing
{ When spheres are { In dimensions higher
{ In three-dimensional
randomly added to a than three, the
Euclidean space, the
container and then densest regular
densest packing of
compressed, they will packing of hyper
equal spheres is
generally form what is spheres are known up
achieved by a family of
known as an to 8 dimensions. }
structures
"irregular" packing
called close-packed
configuration when
structures. }
they can be
.
compressed no more. }
HEXAGONAL PACKAGING
HEXAGONAL PACKAGING
{ In hexagonal close packing,
layers of spheres are packed so
that spheres in alternating
layers overlie one another. As in
cubic close packing, each
sphere is surrounded by 12
other spheres. }
HEXAGONAL PACKAGING
Hexagonal close packing must give the same
packing density as cubic close packing, since sliding
one sheet of spheres cannot affect the volume they
occupy.
HEXAGONAL PACKAGING
If spheres packed in a cubic lattice,
face-centered cubic lattice, and
hexagonal lattice are allowed to
expand uniformly until running into
each other, they form cubes,
hexagonal prisms, and rhombic
dodecahedra, respectively.
CUBIC CLOSE
PACKAGING
Cubic Close Packing
There are three types of cubic lattices corresponding to
three types of cubic close packing.
simple cubic (SC)

Face centered cubic (FCC)

body-centered cubic (BCC)

 SIMPLE CUBIC PACKAGING

Simple cubic close packing consists of

placing spheres centered on integer
coordinates in Cartesian space.
Face centered cubic (FCC)
What does Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) mean?
+Face-centered cubic refers to a crystal
structure consisting of an atom at each cube
corner and an atom in the center of each
cube face.
+It is a close-packed plane in which on each
face of the cube atoms are assumed to touch
along face diagonals.
body-centered cubic (BCC)
What does Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) mean?
+Body-centered cubic structure can be seen
as a gathering of cubes with atoms at the
edges and an atom in the center of every
cube. The corner or edge atoms are shared
among eight unit cells.
 Body-centered
cubic is a type of
crystal structure
in metals. The Alpha iron Beta
Titanium
metals which have a
bcc structure are:

The elements which

Tungsten
crystallize in the bcc
structure show properties
of metallic conductors. They
have the eight-fold
coordination in the nearest
neighbor shell which does not
Chromium
permit saturated bonds.
EFFICIENCY OF TYPES OF PACKAGING
CUBES
SPHERE
31%
28%

HEXAGONAL
42%
 “
The purposes of
packaging and
package labels
 Packaging has
several objectives Physical Information
Convenience
protection transmission

Barrier Portion
Marketing
protection control

Containment Security
Thanks!!
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