Windows and Doors

Group 3
Dinco, Gamaliel John Geron, Kristel
Dumlao, Hannah Guardian, Olivia Marie
Esguerra, Trina Leigh Gulfan, Kimberly
Galo, Shayne Luzano, Aubrey
Geda, Jamila
Windows
Sizes and Details
General Design Requirements

Room Window Area (in m²) Percentage

Room in dwellings 11 16
Ancillary rooms and 7 10
corridors
Offices and 15 25
Workshops
Exhibition Halls 25 35
Conference Halls and 20 25
Lecture Rooms
Store rooms 10 12
Criteria for Designing Windows

 Must afford the occupant adequate natural lighting

 Must afford adequate visibility to the exterior
 Quality and profile of the components must afford
satisfactory protection
 Must offer protection against burglary and intrusion of
human beings and animals
 Operation of moving parts must not endanger the safety
of users
 Must promote hygienic conditions
 Must provide acoustic and thermal insulation (depends
on special climatic condition
 Must facilitate the replacement of parts
 General maintenance must not be expensive
Structural Components of Window
a. Cover Fillet
b. Lintel
c. Head of Frame
d. Frame
e. Light
f. Sash
g. Bottom rail
h. Transom
i. Mullion
j. Jamb of aperture
k. Sill
l. Window board
m. Top rail of sash
n. Light
o. Glazing bar
p. Dividing member
q. Stile
r. Sash
s. Bead
t. Weather moulding
u. Flashing
v. Condensation gutter
w. apron
Methods of Window Openings
 Class I
(a)Fixed Windows
used in rooms with airconditioning
 Class II
(a) Single-action Windows
 Class III
(a) Bascule Window
(i) Center-hung (fig. 90)
(ii) High-hung (fig. 91)
(iii) Low-hung (fig. 92)
(b) Pivoting Windows
(i) Center-hung (fig. 93)
(ii) Offset- hung (fig. 94)
 Class IV
Horizontally Sliding Windows
 Class V
Vertically Sliding Windows
 Composite-action Windows
(a) Sliding-axis horizontally hinged casement window, top-hung (fig. 95)
(b) Sliding-axis vertically hinged casement window, bottom-hung (fig. 96)
Window Types
Doors
Sizes and Details
Width Measurements

The width of the door must be related to the functions

for which the door has to perform.
 Standard width for interior doors for low-cost housing: 70
cm
 Service door: 75 cm
 Front Door: 80-90 cm
 Bathroom Door: 60-65 cm
Height Measurements

 Height of door is related to normal human height

 Standard Height for normal human height: 170 cm (+20
cm for taller people)
 Standard height of internal doors for low-cost housing:
190- 210 cm
 Entrance Door: 200- 220 cm
Representation of Doors

 Elevation with nominal measurements and specifitcation

of type
 Indication of heaight from floor to lintel
 Direction of operation
 Type of fittings
Specification of Doors Types

Type Height (cm) Width (cm) Characteristics

A 225 90 Glazed
B 225 80 Part-glazed
C 210 70 Flush
D 210 65 Flush with Ventilation
Types of Doors

(a) Flush Door

A. Solid Flush Door

B. Flush Door with small light
(height smaller than width)
C. Flush door with large light
(height larger than width)
(b) Panelled Door

A, B, C. Panels of equal sizes

D, E. Panels of diferrent sizes

Bi-fold Doors

Offers a small
concertina-like
effect
French Doors

Has an ability
to‘open up’
a space and
create big entry
or exit.
Stable Doors

For controlling
pets or children,
for instance.
Sliding Doors

Makes excellent
use of space.
Tilt Doors

Usually used
for garage
or sheds.
Roller Doors

Generally takes
up less space
than tilt doors.
Security Screen Doors

Offers extra layer of

protection, ventilation,
and sunlight if
needed.
Functional Aspects of Doors
and Windows
Things to consider

 Designer must know the atmospheric condition

 Designer must simplify manufacturing operations
 Designer must give the design of doors and windows
showing height, shape, and openings
 Must made a simple design that would not consume so
much time making
 Design must give exact definitions
Reference

 The Pre-fabricatiom of Wooden woods and Windows, Dept. of Ecomnomic

and social Affairs; New York 1973
 Building Construction Illustrated Secon Edition, Francis D.K. Ching,
Cassandra Adams
 Build (Australia); Types of Doors