GLOBALIZATION

GLOBALIZATION AS A WORD:
After Magellan’s discovery:
 the word “globe” came as a substitute of the word “planet”

End of XIX century:

 the word „global” appeared in the Oxford English Dictionary meaning “world-
wide” (adjective)

1940s:
 words “globalism” and “to globalise" in the dictionaries

1961:
 the word “globalization” appears in the Webster dictionary
and soon in all the dictionaries around the world
 GLOBALIZATION IN THE
DICTIONARIES TODAY:
WEBSTER:
“growth to a global or worldwide scale”

WIKIPEDIA:
“a social change, an increase in connections among
societies and their elements”

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT:
“ the process of increasing integration in world
civilization”
 WORDS USED BEFORE THE
WORD “GLOBALIZATION”
IMPERIALISM
WORLD CAPITALISM
WORLD MARKET
OPEN ECONOMY

 The roots of globalization lie in the economical changes and in

the intensification of international trade
Complex and dynamic process
Broad, deep definition
 GLOBALIZATION by D. Harvey:
“compression of time and space”

GLOBALIZATION by A. Giddens:

“the world-wide development

of social and economic
relationships”
 GLOBALIZATION by J.A. Scholte:
“the rise of 'supraterritorial' relations between peoples”

GLOBALIZATION by D. Held:

„widening, deepening and speeding up

of worldwide interconnections
in all aspects of contemporary social life,
from the cultural to the criminal,
the financial to the spiritual”
 GLOBALIZATION by J.W. Head:
„the process by which new multilateral institutions and
rules - especially those involved in economic activity -
grow in number and authority, at the expense of local
and national institutions and rules”
GLOBALIZATION by antiglobalists:

„you can not

eat
your money”
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Internationalization intensification of relations

between sovereign states

Universalization the expansion of interactions

affected by the spread of
goods, ideas, inventions and
experiences to every corner of
the globe
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Liberalization the lifting of government

restrictions on the cross-border
flow of production factors and the
introduction of the open world
economy

the tendency of prices, products,

Homogenization pay, property, interest rates and
profit to resemble one another
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Westernization the spread of Western values

and cultural patterns at the
cost of indigenous cultures

Americanization the spread of American way

of life and cultural patterns also
in well-developed Western
states (McDonaldization)
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

Regionalization states’ actions toward

regional cooperation on
different levels (political,
economical, social)

states’ actions toward close

Integration and tight cooperation on
different levels (security,
economics)
 OTHER TERMS USED IN
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTEXT:

certain aspects of a state

Deterritorialization territory and its
geographical location
become unimportant

Transnationalization states are no longer the

only subjects on
international scene
(corporations, organizations,
individuals)
 GLOBALIZATION
 it is a process of growing, developing, and expanding

 is the process of international integration arising from the

interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of
culture.

 The worldwide movement toward economic, financial,

trade, and communications integration.
refers to processes that promote world-wide exchanges
of national and cultural resources.
 let countries move closer to each other

 “the expansion and intensification of social

relations and consciousness across the world-
time and across the world
is the spread of products, technology, information,
and jobs across national borders and cultures.

In economic terms, it describes an

interdependence of nations around the globe
fostered through free trade.
KHAN
the three p’s of globalization
• a philosophy, a process and a phenomena

AJAYI
• it has been an elusive and contentious enterprise
• process leading to the growing interdependence of
nation –states across political, economic and social
spheres
Globalization is a social, cultural, political, and legal
phenomenon.

• Socially, it leads to greater interaction among

various populations.
Culturally, globalization represents the
exchange of ideas, values, and artistic
expression among cultures.

Globalization also represents a trend toward

the development of single world culture.
• Politically, globalization has shifted attention to
intergovernmental organizations like the United
Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization
(WTO).

• Legally, globalization has altered how international

law is created and enforced.
 Is globalization good or bad? Is it
beneficial o detrimental?

Globalization is a complex phenomenon

that occurs at multiple levels and at the
same time, it is an uneven process that
affects people differently.
ARJUN APPADURAI
Different kinds of Globalization “scapes”
1. Ethnoscape - global movement of people
2. Mediascape - flow of culture
3. Technoscape - mechanical goods and
software
4. Financescape - money
5. Ideoscape - politics
 IMPORTANT VOCABULARY
• STATE CAPITALISM IMPERIALISM
• NATION INTERNATIONALIZATION
• SOVEREIGNTY LIBERALIZATION WESTERNIZATION
• GOVERNMENT SUPRATERRITORIAL
• SECURITY TRANSNATIONALIZATION
• SOCIETY INTEGRATION HOMOGENIZATION
• OPEN market GLOBALIZATION
• FREE FLOW AMERICANIZATION UNIVERSALIZATION
• MULTILATERAL DETERRITORIALIZATION
• SUPRANATIONAL
• CROSS-BORDER
STEGER
Globalization vs Globalism
Globalization – expansion and intensification of global
connections

Globalism – widespread belief among powerful

people which is beneficial for everyone
ACTIVITY
Is globalization good or bad?
Write an essay about your realization in globalization.
Include some evidences why it is good or bad.
Explain it in 350-500 words.
Rubric
CONTENT 25%
ORGANIZATION 15%
SKILL AND EFFORT 10%
TOTAL 100%
ASSIGNMENT
In your room, do an inventory of everything you have
in your possession such as footwear, clothes, computers(if
any), cell phones, television(if possible), a radio, books,
newspaper, news magazines, supplies and equipment.
Organize your inventory into two types: Things made
from the Philippines and Things that are of foreign-brands
(list the countries)
Do the same thing for the kitchen and the living
room. These should include appliances.
It will be reported next meeting.
State your realization. Each member are
required to report. Then, make a Bar Graph for
the inventory.
Bring the ff:
• Manila paper
• marker
In conclusion, we can say that globalization calls for a universalism that
envelope the whole world. A way of thinking that concerns not only
the “I” but the WE”, one that is not self centered but
encompassing, that thinks of the common -good, the effect of one’s
action on all. This philosophy will help to see what is good in
globalization, the benefits and advantages of contributing to
globalization. There is no doubt that this will help globalization however
what is the essence of converging when there is nothing to contribute,
when the relationship is not symbiotic, when the relationship is one of
master servant or the inferior and the superior. The modification to the
philosophy of globalization is that it should have a contributory role,
that is, symbiotic in nature a role that calls for heterogenization of
cultures, mutual respect and gains. This is the sense in which Africa can
be called upon to rethink globalization.