Presentation on Brain

Tumor Detection
using Image
Segmentation
Prepared by:
Darshana Vekariya (180470702018)
Computer Engineering Department(M.E)
V.V.P. Engineering College
 Outline
• What is Image Segmentation..?
• Applications of Image Segmentation
• Research Motivation
• Research Objectives
• Problem Statement
• What is Brain Tumor..?
• Proposed Method
• Main Strategy of Proposed Method
• Conclusion
• Future Work
• References
ME SEM-3 DP-1 PRESENTATION (Dhara
7/18/2019 2
Mehta)
 WHAT IS IMAGE
SEGMENTATION..?
• An aspect of image processing.
• The process of subdividing a digital image into multiple
segments(sets of pixels, also known as super pixels) with
respect to some characteristic such as colour, texture or
intensity.
• Segmentation produces a set of non-overlapping regions
whose union is the entire image.
• The goal of Image Segmentation is to simplify the
representation of an image into something that is more
meaningful and easy to analyse.
 APPLICATION OF IMAGE
SEGMENTATION

Computerized photography (e.g., Photoshop)

Medical/Biological image processing (e.g.,
interpretation of X-ray images)
Automatic character recognition (zip code,
license plate recognition)
Finger print/face recognition, etc…
 RESEARCH MOTIVATION
• Image Segmentation is one of the motivating technique
for analysis that is mounting progressively standard in the
healthcare industry.
• Segmentation plays a very important role in the medical
image processing.
• In that way MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) has
become a useful medical diagnostic tool for the diagnosis
of brain & other medical images.
• How Image Segmentation is useful in Health Care :
– Diagnosis and Treatment
– Medical/Biological image processing (e.g.,
interpretation of X-ray images)
 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
• The main research objectives are:
I. Early detection of Brain Tumor Risk
II. Prevention of Brain Tumor by giving
Recommendation to the patient
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
• The BRAIN is the most important part of central nervous
system.
• For detection of brain tumor, first we have to read the
MRI image of brain and then we can apply different
segmentation techniques to the image.
• There are some Efficient method for removing noise from
the MRI image as well as for brain tumor detection.
WHAT IS BRAIN TUMOR..?
• Any mass caused by abnormal or
uncontrolled growth of cells.
• This mass of tumor grows within the
skull, due to which normal brain
activity is hampered.
• If tumor is not detected in earlier
stage, can take away the person’s life.
Hence, it is very important to detect
the brain tumor as early as possible.
• Main Objective of medical imaging
of BRAIN TUMOR - is to extract
meaningful and accurate information
from these images with least error
possible and Finally conclude
whether it’s a tumor image or not.
 PROPOSED METHOD

1)Load MRI 3)Tumor 4)Tumor

2)Pre-
Brain Segmentati identificati
processing
image on on
Pre-processing
• In pre-processing some basic image enhancement and
noise reduction techniques are implemented[1].
• Apart from that different ways to detect edges and doing
segmentations have also been used.
• The purpose of these steps is basically to improve the
image and the image quality to get more surety and ease
in detecting the tumor[1].
• The basic steps in pre-processing are the following:-
– Image is converted to grey scale image in first step.
– Noise is removed if any.
– The obtained image is then passed through a high pass
filter to detect edges.
– Then the obtained image is added to original image to
enhance it.
TUMOR SEGMENTATION USING
DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS

K-means
Optimized Optimized Successful
+
K-means + GA C-means + GA detection
watershed
K-means clustering
• k -means clustering aims to partition n observations into
‘K’ clusters in which each observation belongs to the
cluster with the nearest mean[4].
• Algorithm:
1. Give the no of cluster value as k.
2. Randomly choose the k cluster centers
3. Calculate mean or center of the cluster
4. Calculate the distance between each pixel to each
cluster center
5. If the distance is near to the center then move to that
cluster.
6. Otherwise move to next cluster.
Watershed Algorithm
• Used in image process primarily for segmentation
purposes.
• This can be used if the foreground and background of the
image can be identified.
• Advantages :
– Works best to capture the weak edges.
– Improves the primary results of segmentation of
tumour done by k-means.
K-means clustering with Watershed
Algorithm

• If variables are huge, then K-Means most of the times

computationally faster if we keep k small.
• Watershed algorithm improves the primary results of
segmentation of tumour done by k-means.
Genetic Algorithm
• The term genetic is derived from Greek word ‘genesis’
which means ‘to grow ‘or ‘to become’.
• The implementation of Genetic algorithm begins with an
initial population of chromosomes which are randomly
selected[4].
• MERIT:
– It is the best optimizing tool
– It gives best result when used with Fuzzy c-means clustering
C-means clustering with Genetic
Algorithm
• This method considers only image intensity[3].
• Unlike k-means where data point must
exclusively belong to one cluster centre here
data point is assigned to 2 or more clusters[4].
 Main Strategy of Proposed Method
K-means Clustering + Watershed algorithm
It is computationally faster, if we
WA used to capture weak edges
take K value small

C-means clustering + Genetic algorithm

GA gives best result in little time
Best when works with C-means

Proposed Method
Tumor is detected with high accuracy Effectively detects the tumor area &
internal Structure
 CONCLUSION
We acquire an MRI image of the brain and perform a
series of operations to enhance the quality of the image and
then to segment the tumor within the brain. This algorithm is
able to segment tumors clearly and able to outline the shape
and location of the tumor. This in turn helps the physician or
the doctor to analyze the tumor shape and size since the
shape and size of the tumor plays a vital role in the
treatment to the tumor.
 FUTURE WORK
• The future work is to provide the recommendation of
prevention for Brain Tumor risk.
• By using Genetic Algorithm and C-means Algorithm, the
aim is to get the better accuracy.
 REFERENCES
1. Aby Elsa Babu, Anandu Subhash, Deepa Rajan S, Femi Jacob, Parvathy
A Kumar: “A Survey On Methods For Brain Tumor Detection”
2. Ehab F. Badran, Esraa Galal Mahmoud, And Nadder Hamdy: “An
Algorithm For Detecting Brain Tumors In Mri Images”
3. Deepa, Akansha Singh: “Review Of Brain Tumor Detection From Mri
Images”
4. Anushree A. Wankhade, Dr. A. V. Malviya: “Brain Tumor Detection Using
K-mean Clustering And Svm”
5. L. Kapoor, S. Thakur, “A Survey On Brain Tumor Detection Using Image
Processing Techniques,” International Conference On Cloud Computing,
Data Science & Engineering, 2017.
6. M. H. O. Rashid, M. A. Mamun, M. A. Hossain3 And M. P. Uddin: “Brain
Tumor Detection Using Anisotropic Filtering, Svm Classifier And
Morphological Operation From Mr Images”
7. Tinali Kamble, Prachi Rane:” Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Swarm
Intelligence Approach”
8. B.B.S.Kumar, Dr.P.S.Satyanarayana, Rohini G.V:” Brain Tumor Image
Edge & Watershed Segmentation And Denoising Using Dwt”.