Similarities and differences between

Social Sciences and Natural Sciences

 Group Members
1.K.Prathushan(164531)
2.M.I.M.Ifkaz(164496)
3.M.A.M.M.Thawuship(170039)
4.P.G.K.Coreira(164423)
5.M.R.M.Roomy(164324)
6.P. Sharangan (164784)
What are we going to talk
 What is Science?
• It’s an experiment and historical evidence that
has taken place in order to make a conclusion
about a prediction.
• It consist the following steps and overall these
are called the scientific method,
• Hypothesis creation.
• Using the hypothesis making predictions that
can be experimentally tested.
• Performing the experiments and concluding
whether the prediction is correct or not.
Social science is the study of human behavior and
natural science is the study of world and how does it
work.

Both have different objectives in real time.

But the approach to the conclusion has some similarities

as well as differences.
 Social Science
• It’s a study about human beings and their
behavior.
• It’s subjective.
• It includes,
• Anthropology
• Archeology
• Economics
• Geography
• History
• Political Science
• Psychology
• Social Studies
• Social science is conducted by observations,
Measurement, Experiments and laws.

• This will not always follow the scientific

method.

• The results and observations may vary

according to many factors thus it’s not much
reliable as natural science but still has a
large amount of data. So it’s still considered
as a trustable source.
 Natural Science
• It’s a study about the world around us.
• It’s objective.
• It includes the aspects of
• Logical approaches
• Laws
• Biological phenomena
• Chemistry
• Physics etc.
• Natural science is in the basis of experimental data
which is obtained from repeated experiments and
laboratory tests.

• It always follows the scientific method to obtain the

conclusion.

• Natural science works in closed system. Variables

can be controlled.
• Both examine the cause-effect phenomena.

• As the definition of the science, both social

science and natural science hypothesis are
usually concluded by experiments.

• But the system and the variables are changed

according to the requirement.
Where the Science
fails
• We can’t observe human brain.

• Biased Questionnaire.

• Observer effect.

• Social phenomena are difficult to

measure.

• Prediction errors.
In some cases social science
deviate from the definition of
science and natural science is
not.
Similarities
• Both explains the world we live in.

• Both contribute to solve a problem that faced in

the current time as well as in the future.

• Both follow the same procedure of science to

develop the conclusion.

• Both sciences tends to answer the aroused

question and after finding the answers it will lead
to some other questions.
• Both consist of laws that has various of
applications.

• Both have the ideas of evolving over time.

• Theories in both sciences can be tested to

produce statements.
• Making prediction.
• Understanding prediction.
• What causes what.
• Logic and observation.
• What and why
• Generalities and patterns
• Relationship between variables.
Qualitative and Quantitative
Natural Science
• It usually involves math and calculations to draw
the conclusions.

• Variables will be well defined things or the laws

that has been produced by the previous
experiments.

• There will be a basic explanation for the

relationships between the variables.
Qualitative and Quantitative
Social Science
• The discussion will be often verbal Rather than
numerical.

• Variables are chosen from database, questionnaire or

voting or in a similar manner.

• There will be a correlation that indicates the pattern

between variables.
Modeling
Natural Science
• Models are simplifications. Every value should not be
taken into account.

• Unimportant things are neglected.

• The model will be studied using the basic laws and

theories developed on the basis of them.
Modeling
Social Science
• The variables will be set of attributes, categories
or values.

• With the observed pattern the principals or

predictions will be developed by logical
generalization.

• Model will help to understand the pattern.

Presenting Data
Natural Science
• High amount of data will be present.

• Summary will be in a pattern consisting introduction,

Methodology, results and etc.

• Extensive reference is often given.

• Usually contains graphs.

Presenting Data
Social Science
• High amount of discussion will be
present.

• Summary will mostly be essays and

analysis.

• Reference is not included.

 Common Differences

Natural Science Social Science

Studies about world and matters Studies about Human beings and their
behaviors
Hypothesis verified by controlled experiments Cannot do controlled experiments

Experiments can be repeated Experiments cannot be repeated

Phenomena maybe studied regardless to their Phenomena depends on past results

past
Raw materials could be measured precisely. Materials are vague and qualitative

Future trend may be predicted precisely. Future trend prediction could fail.
THANK YOU