Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Pasig

Alcalde Jose Street, Kapasigan, Pasig City

COLLEGE OF NURSING
 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Pasig
Alcalde Jose Street, Kapasigan, Pasig City
COLLEGE OF NURSING

PRAYER
 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Pasig
Alcalde Jose Street, Kapasigan, Pasig City
COLLEGE OF NURSING

OPENING REMARKS
Nutrition
“Eat well, Live well”
BV M
Balance Variety Moderation
Gabay sa Tamang Nutrisyon
Pinggang Pinoy
Healthy Food Plate for Filipino
Thank You!
 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Pasig
Alcalde Jose Street, Kapasigan, Pasig City
COLLEGE OF NURSING

BASIC
FIRST AID
What is first aid?

• First aid is when you

provide medical care to
someone experiencing
a sudden injury or
illness.
First Aid Myths
1. Put your head
back when you
have a nosebleed.
2. Heal a burn using
toothpaste
3. Apply a hot
compress to a
sprained ankle
CONDITIONS THAT
REQUIRES FIRST AID
• Asthma emergencies
• Anaphylaxis
• Burns
• Choking
• External bleeding
• Environmental
emergencies
• Heart Attack
• Poisoning
• Fractures
• Stroke
• Seizure
GENERAL APPROACH TO
EMERGENCIES
• Survey the scene
- Look for anything
that might be
dangerous, like
signs of fire, falling
debris, or violent
people. If your
safety is at risk,
remove yourself
from the area and
call for help.
GENERAL APPROACH TO
EMERGENCIES
• Check the
person - If the
scene is safe,
assess the
condition of the
sick or injured
person. Don’t
move them unless
you must do so to
protect them from
danger.
GENERAL APPROACH TO
EMERGENCIES
• Call for emergency -
If you suspect the sick
or injured person
PASIGmedical care, tell a
needs emergency

EMERGENCYnearby person to call

911 or the local
643-0000number for
emergency medical
services. If you’re
alone, make the call
yourself.
GENERAL APPROACH TO
EMERGENCIES
• Provide basic first
aid - If you can do so
safely, remain with the
sick or injured person
until professional help
arrives. Cover them
with a warm blanket,
comfort them, and try
to keep them calm. If
you have basic first aid
skills, try to treat any
potentially life-
threatening injuries
they have.
GENERAL APPROACH TO
EMERGENCIES
• Remove yourself
from danger if at
any point in the
situation you
think your safety
might be at risk.
 CONTENTS OF FIRST AID KIT
• Gauze pad
• Alcohol
• Betadine
• Cotton balls
• Scissors
• Micropore tape
• Bandages
• Gloves
• Brown bag
ASTHMA ATTACK
ASTHMA ATTACK
• A-ssess – assess the
person if there is shortness
of breath, wheeze, cough,
chest tightness
• S-it the person – sit the
person and loosen clothing
and stay with the patient
• T-reat the person with
inhaler, assist in giving the
medication
 ASTHMA ATTACK
A- ASSESS THE PATIENT
• H-ELP (Call for emergency)
S- if not relieved by
SIT THE PERSON
medications.

T- • M-onitor
TREAT THE PERSON – if improving
WITH INHALER
after six minutes, keep

H- monitoring. Repeat inhaler

HELP! (CALL FOR EMERGENCY)
if necessary.

M- • A-ll okay – Check the

MONITOR (IF IMPROVING)
patient if with negative
wheezes, assist, bring to
A- ALL OKAY! clinic.
HYPERVENTILATION
• Hyperventilation is a
condition in which you
start to breathe very
fast. Healthy breathing
occurs with a healthy
balance between
breathing in oxygen and
breathing out carbon
dioxide.
HYPERVENTILATION
• Low carbon dioxide levels
lead to narrowing of the
blood vessels that supply
blood to the brain. This
reduction in blood supply to
the brain leads to symptoms
like lightheadedness and
tingling in the fingers.
Severe hyperventilation can
lead to loss of
consciousness.
HYPERVENTILATION
• Breathe through pursed
lips.
• Breathe slowly into a
paper bag or cupped
hands.
• Attempt to breathe into
your belly (diaphragm)
rather than your chest.
• Hold your breath for 10
to 15 seconds at a time.
CHOKING
CHOKING
• Choking (also known
as foreign body airway
obstruction) is a life-
threatening medical
emergency characterized
by the blockage of air
passage into
the lungs secondary to
the inhalation or
ingestion of food or
another object.
 CHOKING
• Difficulty or inability to speak or cry out
• Inability or difficulty in breathing . Labored breathing,
including gasping or wheezing may be present
• Violent and largely involuntary coughing, gurgling, or
vomiting noises may be present
• More serious choking victims will have a limited (if any)
ability to produce these symptoms since they require
at least some air movement.
• The person may begin clutching of the throat or
mouth, or attempting to induce vomiting by putting
fingers down the throat
• The person's face turns blue (cyanosis) from lack of
oxygen
• The person may become unconscious
CHOKING MANAGEMENT
• Back blows
• HEIMLICH MANEUVER
(Abdominal Thrusts)
• Abdominal thrusts lift
your diaphragm and
expel air from your
lungs. This causes the
foreign object to be
expelled from your
airway.
CHOKING MANAGEMENT
• Get the person to stand up.
• Position yourself behind the person.
• Lean the person forward and give five
blows to their back with the heel of your
hand.
• Place your arms around their waist.
• Make a fist and place it just above the
navel, thumb side in.
• Grab the fist with your other hand and
push it inward and upward at the same
time. Perform five of these abdominal
thrusts.
• Repeat until the object is expelled and
the person can breathe or cough on
their own
BURNS
First Aid Myths
1. Put your head
back when you
have a nosebleed.
2. Heal a burn using
toothpaste
3. Apply a hot
compress to a
sprained ankle
BURNS
• Damage to the skin
caused by heat.
Signs and symptoms:
Redness
Swelling
Blister
White charred skin
MANAGEMENT FOR BURNS
• Cool the burn with
running water for
20 minutes
• Give pain
medication if
available
• Topical medication:
Silver Sulfadiazine
BLEEDING
 BLEEDING MANAGEMENT
• Stop Bleeding
• Apply direct pressure on the cut or wound with a clean
cloth, tissue, or piece of gauze until bleeding stops.
• If blood soaks through the material, don’t remove it.
Put more cloth or gauze on top of it and continue to
apply pressure.
• If the wound is on the arm or leg, raise limb above
the heart, if possible, to help slow bleeding.
• Wash your hands again after giving first aid and before
cleaning and dressing the wound.
• Do not apply a tourniquet unless the bleeding is severe
and not stopped with direct pressure.
TYPES OF WOUND
• Abrasion
An abrasion occurs
when your skin rubs or
scrapes against a rough
or hard surface. Road
rash is an example of an
abrasion. There’s usually
not a lot of bleeding,
but the wound needs to
be scrubbed and
cleaned to avoid
infection.
TYPES OF WOUND
• Laceration
A laceration is a deep
cut or tearing of your
skin. Accidents with
knives, tools, and
machinery are frequent
causes of lacerations. In
the case of deep
lacerations, bleeding
can be rapid and
extensive.
TYPES OF WOUND
• Puncture
A puncture is a small
hole caused by a
long, pointy object,
such as a nail or
needle. Sometimes,
a bullet can cause
a puncture wound.
TYPES OF WOUND
• Avulsion
An avulsion is a partial
or complete tearing
away of skin and the
tissue beneath.
Avulsions usually occur
during violent accidents,
such as body-crushing
accidents, explosions,
and gunshots. They
bleed heavily and
rapidly.
WOUND MANAGEMENT
• Clean the wound with
running water
• Clean the wound with
betadine (Center to
outer)
• Cover the wound using
sterile gauze and
micropore tape
• If bruises, do ice
compress.
NOSEBLEED
First Aid Myths
1. Put your head
back when you
have a nosebleed.
2. Heal a burn using
toothpaste
3. Apply a hot
compress to a
sprained ankle
NOSEBLEED
CAUSES:
• Nose picking
• Repeated sneezing
• Frequent nose blowing
• Use of decongestant
• Sinus problem
• Climate
• Allergies
• Injury to the nose
• Foreign body stuck on the
nose
NOSEBLEED
• DO NOT LIE DOWN
• DO NOT PUT YOUR
HEAD BACK
• Lean forward
• Pinch the soft part
of the nose
• Apply cold
compress
SEIZURE EPISODES
 SEIZURE
• Safety is the priority
• Remain with the person
• Protect the head from injury using pillow or
any soft object
• Facilitate drainage by placing the patient on
side after the seizure episode
• Time the seizure
• DO NOT PUT ANYTHING ON THE MOUTH.
FRACTURES
First Aid Myths
1. Put your head
back when you
have a nosebleed.
2. Heal a burn using
toothpaste
3. Apply a hot
compress to a
sprained ankle
 FRACTURES
• A broken bone happens when one of your
bones becomes cracked or broken into
multiple pieces. It’s also known as a fracture.
It can result from a sports injury, accident, or
violent trauma.
 FRACTURES
• Intense pain in the injured area that gets
worse when you move it
• numbness in the injured area
• bluish color, swelling, or visible deformity in
the injured area
• bone protruding through the skin
• heavy bleeding at the injury site
COMMON INJURY
• A sprain is an injury
to a ligament
caused by tearing
of the fibers of the
ligament. The
ligament can have a
partial tear, or it
can be completely
torn apart.
 MANAGEMENT
R- REST AND IMMOBILIZE•THE EXTREMITY
If with bleeding,
treat the bleeding
first.
I- ICE COMPRESS

C- COMPRESS USING ELASTIC BANDAGE

E- ELEVATE THE EXTREMITY

CLOSING REMARKS
THANK YOU!