GROUP 4 MEMBERS :

1. FADEL OMAR
(02511640000056)
2. IQBAL BAGASKO
(02511640000011)
3. RIZKA PUTRI SALSAH
(02511740000026)
4. MUHAMMAD FAIZAL AKBAR
(02511740000028)

CATHODIC INHIBITOR 5. MUHAMMAD DAFFARIF D.

(02511740000047)
6. NOVITA YULIA LESTARI
(02511640007001)
 What Are Corrosion Inhibitors?
 A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical solvent which is applied in a
particular environment that significantly decreases the corrosion
rate of elements (especially metals) exposed to that surrounding
environment i.e. air and water.

DEFINITION
OF INHIBITOR Types Of Corrosion Inhibitors
 Anodic Inhibitors
 Cathodic Inhibitors
 Mixed Inhibitors
 Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI)
 Cathodic Inhibitors
CHATODIC
 Cathodic Inhibitor is a corrosion inhibitor whose primary action
INHIBITOR is to reduce the rate of the cathodic reaction, producing a
negative shift in corrosion potential. ( Source: NACE)
 Cathodic inhibitors work in two different methods:
 It may slow down the cathodic reaction itself Or,
Methods  It may selectively be precipitating on cathodic regions to restrict
the diffusion of eroding elements to the metal surface.
 Cathodic Poison
The cathodic reaction rate can be decreased by the use of
cathodic poisons. But, It can also enhance the sensitivity of a metal
to hydrogen induced cracking because during aqueous corrosion or
cathodic charging the hydrogen can also be absorbed by the
metal. In low-pH solutions, some reduced hydrogen diffuses as
atomic hydrogen into the metal instead of forming the gas. This
happens during electroplating or pickling of the metal. Cathodic
poisons include substances like antimony, arsenic, sulfur, tellurium,
Mechanism selenium and cyanide ions, which hinder the hydrogen atoms from
forming hydrogen gas. Environments that contain hydrogen sulfide
are dangerous for metals and alloys.
 Oxygen scavenger
The use of oxygen scavengers that react with dissolved oxygen can
also decrease the corrosion rates. such as sulfiteand bisulfite ions that
combine with oxygen to form sulfate. This is a redox reaction and requires a
nickel or cobalt catalyst. Removal of air from a mud by defoaming and
mechanical degassing is an essential first step before a scavenger can lower
the dissolved oxygen content.

Mechanism
 Cathodic precipitates
The cathodic inhibitors form a barrier of insoluble precipitates over the metal,
covering it. Thus, restricts the metal contact with the environment, even if it is completely
immersed, preventing the occurrence of the corrosion reaction. Due to this, the cathodic
inhibitor is independent of concentration, thus, they are considerably more secure than
anodic inhibitor. The figure below , shows the illustration of mechanical effect of cathodic
inhibitors to restrain the corrosion process.

Mechanism

Some examples of inorganic cathodic inhibitors are the ions of the

magnesium, zinc, and nickel that react with the hydroxyl (OH-) of the water
forming the insoluble hydroxides as (Mg(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, Ni(OH)2) which are
deposited on the cathodic site of the metal surface, protecting it. [4] Also can be
cited polyphosphates, phosphonates, tannins, lignins [15] and calcium salts as
examples that presents the same reaction mechanism.
 Example
 Sulphite and bi-Sulphite ions that form Sulphates when reacting
with Oxygen.
Examples  Catalyzed redox reaction by either Cobalt or Nickel.
 Arsenic, antimoniy, calcium, zinc, and magnesium