Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Professor K. Leppel
What’s the difference between
Microeconomics & Macroeconomics?
Product Markets
money to pay for goods & services
1. Consumer income
2. Prices of substitutes and complements
3. Tastes
4. Consumer expectations
Example: Apple Market
Price of apples
(in dollars)
If income increases, people
will buy more apples at
every price & the entire
curve will shift to the right.
D2
D1
Quantity of apples
(in thousands of bushels)
What makes the quantity demanded of
apples change?
1. Technology
2. Prices of inputs (for example: land, labor,
machinery, raw materials)
3. Weather (in the case of agriculture)
Example: Apple Market
Price of apples
(in dollars)
S2
S1
Quantity of apples
(in thousands of bushels)
What makes the quantity supplied of
apples change?
0.22 7 7 QD = QS 0
excess
0.20 8 6
demand
D
7 Quantity of apples
(in thousands of bushels)
Suppose there is an increase in
the price of pears
(a substitute for apples).
price S Then the demand for apples
will increase.
Equilibrium price increases &
P2
equilibrium quantity increases.
P1
D2
D1
Q1 Q2 quantity
Suppose there is a long spell
of bad weather for apple
S2 growing.
price S1 Then the supply of apples
will decrease.
P2 Equilibrium price increases
P1 & equilibrium quantity
decreases.
Q2 Q1 quantity