ELECTRICITY &

MAGNETISM
“Electric currents can
create Magnetic field”
- Hans Christian Oersted, Fundamental Properties of Electromagnetism
QUESTION:
Could magnetic
Could magnetic fields
fields
create, or
create, or induce,
induce, an
an
electric current?
electric current?
ELECTROMAGNECTIC
INDUCTION
Faraday's Law Of Induction
Faraday’s Induction
Faraday’s Induction
Experiment
Experiment
The observations
were as follows
follows::
1. Magnet at rest in or near
the coil: No voltage
observed.
2. Magnet moving toward
the coil: Some voltage
measured, rising to a peak
as the magnet nears the
center of the coil.
The observations
were as follows
follows::
3. Magnet passes through the
middle of the coil: Measured
voltage rapidly changes sign.
4. Magnet passes out and
away from the coil: Voltage
measured in the opposite
direction to the earlier case
of the magnet moving into
the coil.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION
Electromagnetic
is the productioninduction
of an electromotive
is the processforce
by
(i.e., voltage)
which a current
across
can be
an induced
electrical
to conductor
flow due
in aa changing
to changing magnetic
magnetic field.
field.
 Faraday’s Law
Faraday’s Law of
of Electromagnetic
Electromagnetic
Induction
Induction
“Any change in the magnetic environment of a coil of wire will
cause a voltage (emf) to be "induced" in the coil.”
ELECTROMOTIVE
FORCE
Which is what causes electron to
move and form a current
Changing the area of the loop
of the wire induced a current,
too, and so did changing the
angle between the loop and
the magnetic field.
 MAGNETIC
FLUX (IB)
Essentially a measure of the magnetic
field running through the loop of wire
Factors Affecting The
Magnetic Field
Magnetic flux Area of the loop

IB = BA coso
Strength ofThe
theangle betwee the
magnetic field
magnetic field and a
line perpendicular to
the face of the loop